Artigos em revistas internacionais - ESDRM
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- Short Report: Babywalkers Use and Age of Autonomous Sitting and Walking in Portuguese InfantsPublication . Catela, David; Lagoiro, Carolina; Gonçalves, Carolina; Passadinhas, Filipa; Ribeiro, Isabela; Seabra, Ana PaulaBabywalkers are wheeled seats for infants, that support their weight, and allows them to move around, pushing the floor with their feet or feet’s toes. The purpose of the present study was to verify if Portuguese infants that used babywalker gained or not temporal advantage compared to infants who did not use any instrument for learning to walk. Data was obtained through a structured questionnaire for parents, with closed questions. Results revealed that babywalkers use does not afford advantages in the acquisition of independent walk. The absence of association between seat and walk autonomously in babywalker users that also used other walk-helper (e.g., harness belt), reinforces the hypothesis that the use of these equipment’s may disrupt normal process of transition between seat and walk in infants. Considering the sample of the present study, a great percentage of Portuguese parents still presume that the use of babywalkers or similar equipment’s are necessary for independent walking acquisition. Babywalkers should be discouraged as an instrument for independent walk learning, and be replaced by functional stimulation, like stepping reflex systematic practice.
- Evaluation of internal load intensity in under-11 soccer players: presence and absence of feedback in small-sided games. A case studyPublication . Oliveira, Rafael; Fernandes, Renato; Pereira, Eva; Brito, Luisa; Figueiredo, Marta; Brito, João PauloThe objectives were to compare small-sided games with different numbers of players (3 vs 3; 4 vs 4; 5 vs 5) with and without feedback. The participants were 12 male athletes in the under-11 category. HR monitors were used to measure HR, and the modified Borg scale (CR-10) was used to quantify their rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The RPE was also multiplied by exercise duration to generate s-RPE. All games were played twice, once with and once without feedback. In games with feedback, the greater the number of players, the higher the HR. The greater the number of athletes, the higher the RPE and s-RPE values, regardless of whether feedback is present. In 3 vs 3, HR was higher with feedback (p = .028); in 5 vs 5, RPE and s-RPE were higher with feedback than without (p = .026 for both). In conclusion, the results indicated a relationship between the number of athletes, the presence of feedback and variables such as HR, RPE and s-RPE. In games with feedback, the more athletes, the higher the HR. Furthermore, the greater number of athletes has been observed to increase RPE and s-RPE, regardless of feedback.
- Are there optimal strength training methods for soccer players? A narrative review of methodological and practical implications.Publication . Pillitteri, G.; Clemente, F.M.; Moran, J.; Oliveira, Rafael; Silva, R.; Sarmento, H.; Puleo, G.; Bongiovanni, T.; Petrucci, M.; Rodríguez, A.; Battaglia, G.; Bianco, A.Strength training is essential for enhancing performance and preventing injuries in soccer. This narrative review explores the complexities of strength training for soccer players, structured around three key areas: (i) the classification and definition of different strength expressions, (ii) the role of the force–velocity continuum in soccer-specific power development, and (iii) the tailored strength methodologies required across different phases of the season. The aim is to clarify how distinct strength qualities align with the physical and performance demands of soccer. The review synthesizes current evidence on the effects of different strength training strategies on key athletic outcomes, highlighting the relevance of explosive methods during the in-season and the foundational role of traditional strength training during the off-season. By integrating theoretical concepts with applied perspectives, the review proposes a conceptual framework that provides evidence-informed recommendations to support practitioners in designing safe, effective, and context-specific training programs for soccer players across developmental stages and competitive schedules. Future research should focus on improving the methodological quality and consistency of intervention studies, clarifying dose–response relationships, and examining the transfer of specific strength qualities to match-related performance outcomes across different age groups and competition levels
- Variations of training workload parameters between player positions in under-17 elite European soccer team: a full-seasonPublication . Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Oliveira, Rafael; Brito, João Paulo; Loureiro, Nuno; Querido, Sérgio; Nobari, HadiThe purpose of this study was to analyse variations in rating of perceived exertion (RPE), session-RPE, training duration, training monotony, training strain, and acute chronic workload ratio (ACWR) between mesocycles and within microcycles during the in-season 2017–18, across player positions in young soccer players. Seventeen young soccer players were evaluated over 50 weeks. The field positions of the players consisted of four central defenders, three wide defenders, four central midfielders, three wide midfielders, and three strikers. There were significant differences between player positions in mesocycle 6 for central defenders vs strikers (p= .047; ES = 4.02 [1.51, 7.96]) on duration of training sessions. The ACWR ratio remained similar throughout the season, between the optimum workload (.8–1.3). In microcycle analysis, match day minus 3 was the day of the week with the highest values for all variables. The findings of the present study showed no difference between positions, but lower values were found after and before the match, while higher values were found in the middle of the microcycle.
- Editorial: Optimizing athletic recovery: the effects of recovery strategies and sleep on sports performancePublication . Silva, Rui; González-Fernández, Francisco Tomás; Oliveira, Rafael; Aquino, RodrigoIn contemporary sport, recovery has emerged as a central component of the training and competitive process. It is no longer regarded simply as the time that follows exercise or competition, but rather as a complex and multidimensional process that supportsphysiological restoration, psychological readiness, adaptation to training, and the preservation of performance over time. As the physical and mental demands placed on athletes continue to increase, the capacity to recover effectively between sessions and competitions has become a matter of considerable importance for coaches, practitioners, and researchers alike. Growing interest in sleep, well-being, and recovery related interventions reflects a broader recognition that successful performance depends not only on the quality of training but also on the quality of restoration that follows it.
- Effect of different resistance training programs on phase angle in young adults: a scoping reviewPublication . Vasconcelos, Tiago; Alves, Ana Sofia; Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Puda, Dominik; Oliveira, RafaelThis scoping review explored the effect of different strength training programs on Phase Angle, a marker of cellular health, in healthy young adults. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, until April 2025, following the PRISMA framework (PICOS) for longitudinal controlled trials with healthy adults (18–35 years) undergoing strength training (dynamic/isometric) for at least 4 weeks. Of 8722 records, four studies were included, revealing variable immediate effects of strength training on Phase Angle (increases, decreases, and no significant changes). The synthesised evidence suggests, however, that strength training protocols with higher training volumes and intensities may be associated with more favourable long-term changes in Phase Angle. It is concluded that, although strength training with higher volume and intensity may be beneficial, the immediate effects on Phase Angle are variable. Modalities such as low-load blood flow restriction training or low-frequency isometric training may not improve, or may even decrease, Phase Angle in the short term. Given the scarcity and heterogeneity of studies, this review is exploratory, and further research is needed to optimise Phase Angle through strength training in young adults.
- The role of physical activity levels in retaining high-speed resistance training effects on body composition: a 1-year follow-up in older adults.Publication . Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Batalha, Nuno; Fernandes, Orlando; Oliveira, Rafael; Gonçalves, Bruno; Brito, João PauloPurpose This study evaluated the influence of physical activity (PA) on the retention of body composition effects achieved through a 16-week high-speed resistance training (HSRT) program over a 1-year follow-up period. Methods Forty independent older adults participated in the supervised 16-week HSRT program. After the intervention ended, participants were encouraged to maintain high PA levels. At the 1-year follow-up, 36 participants completed the assessments and were divided into the light activity group (LAG, N = 20, age 70.00 ± 3.66 years) and the moderate-to-vigorous activity group (MVAG, N = 16, age 68.50 ± 2.09 years). Body composition ( InBody® S10), PA levels (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and anthropometric measurements were assessed at four time points. Results Significant time effects were observed for several body composition parameters over the 1-year follow-up period, with large effect sizes. Specifically, MVAG revealed significant declines in weight (p = 0.002, dunb = −0.22), body mass index (p = 0.002, dunb = −0.30), and fat mass (%) (p = 0.028, dunb = −0.30) from post-intervention to the 1-year follow-up. Conversely, LAG demonstrated significant reductions in fat-free mass (p = 0.018, dunb = −0.14), muscle mass (p = 0.010, dunb = −0.15), and lean mass (p = 0.014, dunb = −0.14) from pre-intervention to the 6-month follow-up (p < 0.001, dunb = −0.18), with body cell mass also presenting significant declines from post-intervention to the 1-year follow-up (p = 0.035, dunb = −0.13). Despite an overall decline, PA remained relatively higher than pre-intervention, particularly for total weekly activity (minutes) and energy expenditure from moderate-to-vigorous PA. Conclusions This study highlights the benefits of engaging in at least moderate PA activities for retaining the effects achieved on a previous exercise program, particularly reductions in fat mass.
- External load transition practices from pre-season to in-season. A case study in elite female professional soccer playersPublication . Oliveira, Rafael; Morgans, Ryland; Fernandes, Renato; Brito, João Paulo; Espada, Mário C.; Santos, Fernando J.Thestudy aim wastocomparetheexternal load during varying microcycles (M1-M4 during pre-season and M5during the in-season) in elite female Portuguese soccer players and to describe external load variations between differing Ms. Fourteen first-team players participated in the study (age 23.29 ± 3.19 years, weight 59.14 ± 6.87 kg, height 1.66 ± 0.08 m). Load measures included total distance, high-speed running (HSR) distance (�15 km/h), number ofaccelerations and decelerations [acceleration 1 (ACC1), >1–2 m/s; acceleration 2 (ACC2), >2–3m/s; acceleration 3 (ACC3), >3–4 m/s; acceleration 4 (ACC4), >4 m/s] and decelerations [deceleration 1 (DEC1), <1–2 m/s; deceleration 2 (DEC2), <2–3 m/s; deceler ation 3 (DEC3), <3–4 m/s; deceleration 4 (DEC4), <4 m/s]. M1 showed higher values of total distance, ACC1, ACC2, ACC3, DEC2,DEC3andDEC4thanM2(p=<0.001–0.04), although HSR washigher inM2(p<0.001). M2showedlowervalues ofHSR, ACC1, DEC1,DEC2,DEC3thanM3(p=0.001–0.04).M3reportedhigher values of total distance, ACC1,ACC2,DEC1,DEC2thanM4(p=<0.001–0.03),whileM4onlyfoundhighervalues of ACC4andDEC4thanM5(both,p=0.01).Thehighestvaluesoccurred inM3for the majority of external load metrics (except ACC3, ACC4, and DEC4 which were higher in M4). However, during the transition from M4 to M5, only ACC4 and DEC4 decreased with all other measures maintained, thus supporting the notion to maintain similar loading patterns during official competition.
- Effects of a 16-week high-speed resistance training program on heart rate variability indices in community-dwelling independent older adults: A clinical trialPublication . Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Fernandes, Orlando; Brito, João Paulo; Gonçalves, Bruno; Oliveira, Rafael; Batalha, NunoThis study explored the impact of a 16-week high-speed resistance training (HSRT) program on heart rate variability (HRV) indices in independent older adults. The participants were divided into either an intervention group (IG, N = 40) or a control group (CG, N =39). The IG participated in supervised HSRT sessions three times weekly, comprising 5–6exerciseswith2–3setsand6–10 repetitions, which lasted 60–70 min. The CG did not engage in any exercise program. HRV indices, encompassing time, frequency, and non-linear, were recorded over a six-minute period. The ANCOVA results revealed significant improvements favoring the IG for mean RR (η2 p = 0.050), systolic blood pressure (η2 p = 0.126), and pulse pressure (η2 p = 0.157). Additionally, within-group analyses revealed significant increases in stress index (dunb = 0.52), sample entropy (dunb = 0.38), and DFA α1(dunb = 0.38) exclusively in the CG. This study highlights the significant potential of the HSRT to induce favorable changes in parasympathetic activity and reduce arterial stiffness.
- Relationships between sleep, athletic and match performance, training load, and injuries: a systematic review of soccer playersPublication . Manuel Clemente, Filipe; Afonso, José; Costa, Júlio A.; Oliveira, Rafael; Pino-Ortega, José; Rico-González, MarkelThe purpose of this systematic review was to summarize available evidence regarding the relationships between sleep and (i) athletic and match performance, (ii) training load, and (iii) injuries in soccer players. A systematic review of EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus), PubMed, Cochrane Library, FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 297 titles were identified, of which 32 met the eligibility criteria. Results revealed that soccer players are no exception for sleep inadequacy. Although there was inconsistency in the findings, some studies suggested that sleep restrictions in soccer negatively affected athletic and match performance while also increasing the number and severity of musculoskeletal injuries. On the other hand, inconsistent results were found between sleep and athletic and match performance, and training load in soccer players. Physiological responses (and their intensity) during drill-based games were not influenced by changes in sleep. The available evidence is inconsistent; however, it appears to suggest that poor sleep affects soccer players' performance and increases the risk of injury. However, it remains important to study this complex relationship further.