Browsing by Author "Santos-Rocha, Rita"
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- Análise da eficácia de um programa de exercício centrado no controlo postural e equilíbrio sobre a funcionalidade, aplicado a uma população idosaPublication . Gonçalves, Andreia; Ramalho, Fátima; Santos-Rocha, RitaDe acordo com estimativas das Nações Unidas, o número de pessoas idosas vai duplicar, passando dos 600 milhões atuais para 1,2 biliões em 2025 e, novamente para 2 biliões em 2050. Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), a grande maioria dos idosos vive nas suas casas e comunidades, mas em condições que não serão as melhores para as suas necessidades e capacidades (World Health Organization [WHO], 2010). Estima-se que por volta de 2015, o número de pessoas com mais de 65 anos chegará a superar o número de crianças com idade inferior a cinco anos. A confirmar-se esta ocorrência será a primeira vez, desde o início da história, que as pessoas mais velhas estarão em maior número face ao número de crianças (Aboderin et al., 2012).
- Approach to management by processes in a sports department of a local government organizationPublication . Serôdio, António; Claudino, Rui; Santos-Rocha, Rita; Sobreiro, PedroThe strategy creates assumptions that should reflect the organization and the surrounding environment. The difficulties in the operationalization of the strategy and the lack of resources for the nonprofit sports organization require effective approaches. This study uses the Business Process Management to support the strategy operationalization using improvement actions according to the existing circumstances of each organization. Based on the action research we analyze the existing situation of nonprofit sports organizations and identify the line of actions to achieve the municipality intended outcomes. The lack of financial resources requires the identification of improvements according to the existing resources. The assessment of the concerns and issues related to stakeholders provides a mechanism to clarify which improvement action should be developed considering the involvement of different board members of the organization. The manager training in nonprofit organizations is an important area to target actions to contribute to the development of the nonprofit organizations, increasing their knowledge. Our findings highlight how the proposed approach can be used in nonprofit sports organization to develop an action plan to engage their business objectives according to its environment.
- Can group exercise programs improve health outcomes in pregnant women? A systematic reviewPublication . Jorge, Cristina; Santos-Rocha, Rita; Bento, TeresaCurrent scientific evidence supports the recommendation to initiate or continue the practice of physical exercise in healthy pregnant women. Group exercise programs have positive effects in improving health and well-being, as well as social support. In order to understand the scientific evidence in this field, and the outcomes in maternal health, it has generated wide interest in exploring the studies carried out with more relevant group exercise programs. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the available evidence on the effectiveness of group exercise programs in improving women’s and newborns health outcomes during pregnancy. Three databases were used to conduct literature searches and strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were employed. Seventeen studies were selected for analysis. All studies were randomized control trials conducted with pregnant women that evaluated the effect of group exercise programs on the health outcomes of mother and newborn. Most studies followed a supervised structured exercise program including a main aerobic part, resistance training, pelvic floor training and stretching and relaxation sections. The significant effects of the programs are related with improved maternal perception of health status, lower maternal weight gain, improved levels of maternal glucose tolerance, improved aerobic fitness and muscular strength, lower frequency of urinary incontinence, improved sick leave due to lumbopelvic pain, fewer cesarean and instrumental deliveries, higher newborn Apgar score and faster postpartum recovery. Exercise and health professionals should advise pregnant women that aerobic group exercise during pregnancy improves a wide range of health outcomes for the women and newborn
- Comparative study of plantar pressure during step exercise in different floor conditionsPublication . Santos-Rocha, Rita; Veloso, António PrietoMechanical load has been estimated during step exercise based on ground reaction force (GRF) obtained by force platforms. It is not yet accurately known whether these measures reflect foot contact forces once the latter depend on footwear and are potentially modified by the compliant properties of the step bench. The aim of the study was to compare maximal and mean plantar pressure (PP), and maximal GRF obtained by pressure insoles after performing seven movements both over two metal force platforms and over the step bench. Fifteen step-experienced females performed the movements at the cadences of 130 and 140 beats per minute. PP and GRF (estimated from PP) obtained for each floor condition were compared. Maximal PP ranged from 29.27 +/- 9.94 to 47.07 +/- 12.88 N/cm2 as for metal platforms, and from 28.20 +/- 9.32 to 43.00 +/- 13.80 N/cm2 as for the step bench. Mean PP ranged from 11.09 +/- 1.62 to 14.32 +/- 2.06 N/cm2 (platforms) and from 10.71 +/- 1.54 to 14.22 +/- 1.77 N/cm2 (step bench). GRF (normalized body weight) ranged from 1.43 +/- 0.14 to 2.41 +/- 0.24 BW (platforms) and from 1.38 +/- 0.14 to 2.36 +/- 0.19 BW (step bench). No significant statistical differences were obtained for most of the comparisons between the two conditions tested. The results suggest that metal force platform surfaces are suitable to assess mechanical load during this physical activity. The forces applied to the foot are similar to the softer step bench and the hard force platform surface. This may reflect the ability of the performers to adapt their movement patterns to normalize the impact forces in different floor conditions.
- Exercise training programs and detraining in older womenPublication . Oliveira, Rafael; Santa-Marinha, Carlos; Leão, Rafael; Bento, Teresa; Santos-Rocha, Rita; Brito, João; Monteiro, DiogoThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training programs and detraining. Fifty-one aged women participated in two supervised exercise programs: a group of land-based exercise and a group of land-based exercise plus aquatic exercise, both being evaluated at the baseline after nine months of intervention and three months of detraining. After intervention, both groups had decreased blood pressure and improved resistance of the lower and upper limbs. After a detraining period, both groups showed significant increase in blood pressure while resistance of lower and upper limbs, agility and aerobic capacity had a significant decrease.
- Gestão de processos de negócio: uma abordagem ao processo de acreditação dos cursos no Gabinete de Avaliação da Qualidade da Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio MaiorPublication . Sobreiro, Pedro; Bento, Teresa; Santos-Rocha, RitaAtualmente, as instituições do ensino superior, onde se inclui a Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, deparam-se com várias questões e desafios relacionados com a sua acreditação e a dos seus ciclos de estudo, e consequentemente, com a melhoria da qualidade do seu desempenho e o acesso a financiamento. Esta realidade exige novas abordagens e o aumento do nível de exigência a todos os intervenientes que contribuem para a qualidade do serviço prestado. No sentido de dar resposta a estes desafios, o Gabinete de Avaliação e Qualidade tem desenvolvido iniciativas e abordagens das quais o presente trabalho é um exemplo. Com este trabalho pretendeu-se, a partir de numa abordagem de Business Process Management, demonstrar a viabilidade e operacionalidade da utilização de uma ferramenta de Business Process Management System neste contexto. Para tal, realizou-se a modelação do processo de avaliação e acreditação desenvolvido pela Agência de Avaliação e Acreditação do Ensino Superior, através da utilização do Business Process Model and Notation. Esta proposta permitiu modelar os processos na instituição, demonstrando a utilização de uma abordagem Business Process Management numa organização desta natureza, com o objetivo de promover a sua melhoria.
- Gestão de Processos de Negócio: Uma abordagem ao processo de acreditação dos cursos no gabinete de avaliação da qualidade da Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio MaiorPublication . Sobreiro, Pedro; Bento, Teresa; Santos-Rocha, RitaAtualmente, as instituições do ensino superior, onde se inclui a Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior do Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, deparam-se com várias questões e desafios relacionados com a sua acreditação e a dos seus ciclos de estudo, e consequentemente, com a melhoria da qualidade do seu desempenho e o acesso a financiamento. Esta realidade exige novas abordagens e o aumento do nível de exigência a todos os intervenientes que contribuem para a qualidade do serviço prestado. No sentido de dar resposta a estes desafios, o Gabinete de Avaliação e Qualidade tem desenvolvido iniciativas e abordagens das quais o presente trabalho é um exemplo. Com este trabalho pretendeu-se, a partir de numa abordagem de Business Process Management, demonstrar a viabilidade e operacionalidade da utilização de uma ferramenta de Business Process Management System neste contexto. Para tal, realizou-se a modelação do processo de avaliação e acreditação desenvolvido pela Agência de Avaliação e Acreditação do Ensino Superior, através da utilização do Business Process Model and Notation. Esta proposta permitiu modelar os processos na instituição, demonstrando a utilização de uma abordagem Business Process Management numa organização desta natureza, com o objetivo de promover a sua melhoria.
- Gravidez ativa – Adaptações fisiológicas e biomecânicas durante a gravidez e o pós-partoPublication . Santos-Rocha, Rita; Branco, Marco
- Influence of body composition on gait Kinetics throughout pregnancy and postpartum periodPublication . Branco, Marco A. C.; Santos-Rocha, Rita; Vieira, Maria Filomena; Silva, Maria Raquel; Aguiar, Liliana; Veloso, António P.Pregnancy leads to several changes in body composition and morphology of women. It is not clear whether the biomechanical changes occurring in this period are due exclusively to body composition and size or to other physiological factors. The purpose was to quantify the morphology and body composition of women throughout pregnancy and in the postpartum period and identify the contribution of these parameters on the lower limb joints kinetic during gait. Eleven women were assessed longitudinally, regarding anthropometric, body composition, and kinetic parameters of gait. Body composition and body dimensions showed a significant increase during pregnancy and a decrease in the postpartum period. In the postpartum period, body composition was similar to the 1st trimester, except for triceps skinfold, total calf area, and body mass index, with higher results than at the beginning of pregnancy. Regression models were developed to predict women’s internal loading through anthropometric variables. Four models include variables associated with the amount of fat; four models include variables related to overall body weight; three models include fat-free mass; one model includes the shape of the trunk as a predictor variable. Changes in maternal body composition and morphology largely determine kinetic dynamics of the joints in pregnant women.
- Kinematic analysis of gait in the second and third trimesters of pregnancyPublication . Branco, Marco A. C.; Santos-Rocha, Rita; Aguiar, Liliana; Vieira, Filomena; Veloso, AntónioThe kinematic analysis of gait during pregnancy provides more information about the anatomical changes and contributes to exercise and rehabilitation prescription. The purposes were to quantify the lower limb kinematics of gait and to compare it between the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and with a control group. A three-dimensional analysis was performed in twenty-two pregnant women and twelve nonpregnant. Repeated Measures and Manova tests were performed for comparisons between trimesters and between pregnant and controls. The walking speed, stride width, right-/left-step time, cycle time and time of support, and flight phases remain unchanged between trimesters and between pregnant and controls. Stride and right-/left-step lengths decreased between trimesters. Double limb support time increased between trimesters, and it increased when compared with controls. Joint kinematics showed a significant decrease of right-hip extension and adduction during stance phase between trimesters and when compared with controls. Also, an increase in left-knee flexion and a decrease in right-ankle plantarflexion were found between trimesters. The results suggested that pregnant women need to maintain greater stability of body and to become more efficient in locomotion. Further data from the beginning of pregnancy anthropometric data may contribute to the analysis.