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- Effects of a 16-week high-speed resistance training program on heart rate variability indices in community-dwelling independent older adults: A clinical trialPublication . Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Fernandes, Orlando; Brito, João Paulo; Gonçalves, Bruno; Oliveira, Rafael; Batalha, NunoThis study explored the impact of a 16-week high-speed resistance training (HSRT) program on heart rate variability (HRV) indices in independent older adults. The participants were divided into either an intervention group (IG, N = 40) or a control group (CG, N =39). The IG participated in supervised HSRT sessions three times weekly, comprising 5–6exerciseswith2–3setsand6–10 repetitions, which lasted 60–70 min. The CG did not engage in any exercise program. HRV indices, encompassing time, frequency, and non-linear, were recorded over a six-minute period. The ANCOVA results revealed significant improvements favoring the IG for mean RR (η2 p = 0.050), systolic blood pressure (η2 p = 0.126), and pulse pressure (η2 p = 0.157). Additionally, within-group analyses revealed significant increases in stress index (dunb = 0.52), sample entropy (dunb = 0.38), and DFA α1(dunb = 0.38) exclusively in the CG. This study highlights the significant potential of the HSRT to induce favorable changes in parasympathetic activity and reduce arterial stiffness.
- Effect of different resistance training programs on phase angle in young adults: a scoping reviewPublication . Vasconcelos, Tiago; Alves, Ana Sofia; Duarte Martins, Alexandre; Puda, Dominik; Oliveira, RafaelThis scoping review explored the effect of different strength training programs on Phase Angle, a marker of cellular health, in healthy young adults. A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, until April 2025, following the PRISMA framework (PICOS) for longitudinal controlled trials with healthy adults (18–35 years) undergoing strength training (dynamic/isometric) for at least 4 weeks. Of 8722 records, four studies were included, revealing variable immediate effects of strength training on Phase Angle (increases, decreases, and no significant changes). The synthesised evidence suggests, however, that strength training protocols with higher training volumes and intensities may be associated with more favourable long-term changes in Phase Angle. It is concluded that, although strength training with higher volume and intensity may be beneficial, the immediate effects on Phase Angle are variable. Modalities such as low-load blood flow restriction training or low-frequency isometric training may not improve, or may even decrease, Phase Angle in the short term. Given the scarcity and heterogeneity of studies, this review is exploratory, and further research is needed to optimise Phase Angle through strength training in young adults.