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- Effects of Exercise Programs on Anxiety in Individuals with Disabilities: A Systematic Review with a Meta-AnalysisPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Frontini, R.; Matos, Rui; Antunes, RaulAnxiety symptoms are increasingly prevalent in individuals and may affect their quality of life. Physical exercise (PE) has been shown to be an effective method for reducing anxiety symptoms in the general population. The present study aimed to identify if PE programs can be a good method to reduce anxiety symptoms in individuals with disabilities, through the methodology of a systematic review with a meta-analysis. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases were used, considering the period from 2001 to 2021. The descriptors used were: "cerebral palsy", "motor disability", "physical disability", "vision impairment", "visual impairment", "vision disability", "intellectual disability", "mental retardation", "intellectual disabilities", "hearing impairment", "hearing disability", "multiple disabilities", "physical activity", "exercise", "sport", "training", and "anxiety", with the Boolean operator "AND" or "OR". The systematic review with a meta-analysis was carried out in the period between May and June 2021. The Z values (Z-values) obtained to test the null hypothesis, according to which the difference between means is zero, demonstrated a Z = 2.957, and a corresponding p-value of 0.003. Thus, we can reject the null hypothesis, and affirm that PE promotes positive effects and can be a good method or methodology for the reduction of anxiety symptoms of individuals with disabilities.
- Influence of physical fitness on the perception of physical well-being and quality of life in individuals with Intellectual DisabilityPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Oliveira, Rafael; Brito, João; Simões, Cristina; Vitorino, AnabelaPhysical capacities, health and quality of life (QOL) are improved through physical exercise in individuals with Intellectual Disability (ID). The aim of the present study was to verify the association of physical fitness with the perception of physical well-being and QOL in individuals with ID. Sixteen individuals with ID were evaluated by bioimpedance, functional tests (“6-minute walk test” (6MIN), “Timed Up and Go” (TUG), “30-s Chair Stand” (L/S), and “medicine ball throw”) and isokinetic dynamometer (lower limbs [LL]). The Personal Outcomes Scale (POS) was used to measure “Physical Well-Being” and “Total QoL”. Pearson and Spearman correlations were applied (p< 0.05). Correlations were found only in the female gender between the muscular strength in the extension/flexion of the LL (60º/s) and the responses of the reference technicians in the domains of “Physical Well-Being” (respectively, r= 0.729, p= 0.026; r= 0.802, p= 0.009) and “Total QOL” (respectively, r= 0.706, p= 0.033; r= 0.767, p= 0.016). It was found that strength, endurance and aerobic capacity do not seem to be associated with the physical well-being and QOL of the sample.
- Influence of physical fitness on the perception of physical well-being and quality of life in individuals with intellectual and developmental difficultiesPublication . Jacinto, Miguel; Oliveira, Rafael; Brito, João; Vitorino, AnabelaPhysical capacities, health and quality of life (QOL) are improved through physical exercise (PE). Some studies corroborate these effects in individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Difficulty (IDD). In this sense, the objective of the study was to verify the association of physical fitness with the perception of physical well-being and quality of life (QOL) in individuals with IDD. Sixteen individuals with IDD (mean ± standard deviation, age, 34.2 ± 10.61 years; body mass, 72.42 ± 18.23 kg; height, 158.3 ± 9.17 cm) were assessed in body composition by bio impedance method, InBody S10 (Biospace Co, Ltd, Seoul, Korea), in the 30-second chair stand test, Timed Up And Go (TUG), 6-minute walking test (6-min) (Rikli & Jones, 1999), medicine ball throwing (3kg-ball) (Harris et al., 2011) and lower limb strength (LMS) using the HUMAC2015®/NORM™ (Tosca Drive, Stoughton, USA). “Physical Well-Being” and “Total QOL” were assessed using the Personal Outcomes Scale (Claes et al., 2010; Loon et al., 2010; Simões et al., 2016), through self-reported responses (individuals and technicians). Pearson and Spearman correlations were applied for p<0.05. In the female gender, there were associations between the tests for assessing muscle strength in the extension and flexion of LMS (angular velocity of 60º) and the responses of the technicians in the domains of “Physical Well-Being” (respectively, r=0.729 , p=0.026; r=0.802, p=0.009) and “Total QoL” (respectively, r = 0.706, p = 0.033; r = 0.767, p = 0.016). It was found that strength, endurance and aerobic capacity do not seem to be associated with physical well-being and QOL. According to the results, it is necessary to carry out studies with larger and more representative samples of each gender and degree of disability.