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- Portuguese SME innovation sources:trends of the last decadePublication . Natário, Maria Manuela; Oliveira, PedroThe study aims to explain the changes in the sources of informat ion for innovation used by Portuguese small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) comparing two 3-years periods: 2002-2004 and 2010-2012. For this purpose, it was used the data from the Commun ity Innovation Survey (CIS) published in 2004 (CIS 4) and 2014 (CIS 2012). Comparative analysis reveals that there was a greater incidence of innovation activities in SME, mainly due to the use of their own knowledge resources and of their customers.The interaction with the scientificand technologial system showed to be modest,although it has been detected in the medium-sized enterprises an appreciable increase on related sources – including higher education institutions, Government and research centres. Despite being a strictly descriptive analysis, evidence gathered through graphical analysis suggests a slight change along the last decade towards to organizational and technological innovations within Portuguese SME, based on knowledge networking.
- Governance and innovation in rural territories:a network analysisPublication . Ferreiro, M. F.; Sousa, C.; Oliveira, PedroRural Territories are central in the search of responses to the current societal and economic challenges such as the economic crisis, desertification, climatic changes, and food security. Europe 2020 and the proposals related to CAP refer the need to deal with those problems through innovative and inclusive approaches. Thus, the knowledge of rural territories, namely governance forms regarding the development of innovation and the improvement of economic development constitute a priority. This paper addresses the governance aspects relate in the production and transformation of a Mediterranean product – cork in the so-called World Capital of Cork (Coruche), using a network analysis.
- The relationship between human capital, innovation and internationalization of micro and small enterprises: the case of Tagus Valley agri-food supply chainPublication . Oliveira, PedroThis paper aims to contribute empirically to a better understanding of the relationship between human capital formation in micro and small enterprises and the respective behaviors in innovation and internationalization. Based on a brief review of literature on human capital and regional innovation systems, as well as in results obtained in a survey, the paper reveals that the reduced stock of human capital in this corporate segment can inhibit their potential for innovation; but this does not impede access external markets. There is evidence that these firms make use of stable partnerships with intermediary economic agents and promoting organizations, demonstrating how effective are non-market assets (of territorial nature, specially) to the agri-food supply chain competitiveness of Tagus Valley, in the framework of Common Agricultural Policy.
- Designing a collective efficiency strategy for Tagus River watershed municipalities:an economic and institutional viewPublication . Oliveira, PedroA territorial governance model in predominantly rural regions, focused on endogenous and sustainable development, should be the framework for a democratic decision-making process on territorial strategies of collective efficiency stimulating a business-friendly atmosphere, creation of qualified employment, dissemination of knowledge and social innovation and preservation of the natural and cultural heritage of the territories. With this premise, it will be up to the Iberian education, scientific and technological systems to work in a network to promote not only the fastest advancement in scientific knowledge about effective solutions in combating climate change, including the overall sectors of economic activity, as well as disseminate it more clearly by companies (particularly in micro-enterprises and small businesses) and by social economy organizations.
- Innovation within a regional agro-food supply chain-the pattern of productive specialization of the tagus valleyPublication . Oliveira, Pedro; Natário, Maria Manuela SantosThis paper aims to analyse innovation within a set of economic activities combined in a territorialised agro- food supply chain, which characterizes the pattern of productive specialization of the Tagus Valley. This chain is economically sustained by a combination of entrepreneurial and institutional factors, territorially embedded and determining to some extent an endogenous capacity to innovate. Following a case study methodology, of an interpretative nature, the process of gathering evidence was based on the triangulation of data sources: direct observation; semi-structured interviews of individuals representing the various categories of agents involved and documentary research. These were complemented with an inquiry, subject to statistical analysis, into local business agents. In addition to the identification of a considerable set of deficits of an institutional nature inhibiting innovation, the study also led to the formulation of a number of proposals for better territorial governance which highlight the need to strengthen knowledge transfer to the micro and small companies engaged in agricultural activities. Another contribution lies in the categorisation of an analytical framework for a better understanding of innovation dynamics in any region according to its specificities, including the role of public institutions in this process.
- Uma abordagem ao impacto dos institutos politécnicos em Portugal 2017Publication . Alves, João; Bailoa, Sandra; Basto, Mário; Cadima, Rita; Correia, Florbela; Costa, Vânia; Cunha, Jorge; Daniel, Ana; Dominguinhos, Pedro; Esteves, Salete; Farinha, Luís; Fernandes, Joana; Figueiredo, António; Grilo, Luís; Jorge, Nuno; Lucas, Eugénio; Malva, Madalena; Maximiano, Catarina; Mendes, Susana; Moreira, Anabela; Moreira, Sandrina; Morgado, C.; Mourato, Joaquim; Natário, Manuela; Nunes, Sandra; Nunes, Sara; Oliveira, Pedro; Pedro, Fátima; Pedro, Cristina Pereira; Pereira, Raquel; Pinheiro, Fernanda; Hopffer Romero, Félix Luís; Santos, Carla; Serafim, Miguel; Simões, Joaquim; Vareiro, LaurentinaNeste relatório apresentam-se os resultados obtidos com um estudo conduzido por uma equipa envolvendo parceiros de diferentes instituições, com o objetivo de medir o impacto económico de um conjunto de Institutos Politécnicos, situados em diferentes regiões do país, com contextos socioeconómicos diversos e distinta capacidade de atração de estudantes.
- Human Capital, Innovation and Internationalization of Micro and Small Enterprises in Rural Territory – a Case StudyPublication . Oliveira, Pedro; Turčínková, JanaThis paper investigates the relationship between human capital in micro and small enterprises and their respective behaviors in innovation and internationalization. Based on a case study of interpretative nature, from 2010 till 2012 we collected data about the agri‑food complex of Tagus Valley (Portugal) through triangulation of techniques typically used in qualitative research: direct observation (in farms, units of processing, storage and packaging food stuffs and wines, and regulatory and promotional agents); semi‑structured interviews with individuals representing the various categories of agents involved, alongside a survey with 110 business agents; and statistical data gathered in the Portuguese Agriculture Census. Survey data were object of descriptive, correlational and regression analyses. Our research provides evidence of firms making use of stable partnerships with intermediary economic agents and promoting organizations and demonstrating how effective are endogenous assets (especially those of non‑mercantile nature) to the competitiveness of a rural territory, in the framework of Common Agricultural Policy. In terms of public policies for competitiveness and innovation, according to an institutional view, the state and regional / local governments, research institutions (public or private), higher education institutions and business training centers, sharing a common agenda for endogenous assets valuation, might play a strategic role in an economy strongly built on micro and small enterprises, whose sustainability depends on collaborative networking.
- Territorial innovation systems and strategies of collective efficiencyPublication . Oliveira, Pedro; Natário, Maria Manuela SantosPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the relevance of territorial innovation systems approach for non-central regions’ development strategies. The research made allowed to identify actions of collective efficiency to strengthen endogenous capacity for regional innovation, and also to detect some institutional weaknesses that inhibit the innovation dynamics in a particular rural region (Tagus Valley). Design/methodology/approach – The research followed an interpretive case study, of explanatory type. Data collecting method comprised semi-structured face-to-face interviews with business agents and local government members, direct observation of innovation activities and documentary analysis. Statistical methods to analyse the firms’ innovation behaviour, as well as owners and managers’ perceptions, were also used in order to improve the trustworthiness of the research. Findings – The results show that innovation is positively associated to a diverse set of institutional factors that shape a territorially embedded innovation system, in which the firms’ innovation activity is chiefly based on localized learning processes. Moreover, a path of smart and creative diversification area is detected, but there are substantial differences between firms belonging to agro-food supply chain. While food industries and wineries show very interesting levels of investment in innovation activities and external knowledge synergies, farmers/producers depend greatly from producers’ organizations. Research limitations/implications – Given the absence of generalizability and some speculative argumentation, further research needs to be done, especially about the critical role of higher education institutions to promote innovation. Practical implications – The paper provides empirical insights about the role of actors belonging to the governance layer inherent to the territorial innovation system in discussion. Originality/value – The paper fulfils an identified need to systematize institutional factors able to affect non-central regions innovation.
- O contributo dos atores políticos e das instituições regionais para uma especialização inteligente nas áreas rurais:o caso do vale do tejo.Publication . Oliveira, PedroO objetivo deste artigo é analisar o contributo dos atores institucionais e políticos para a construção de uma especialização inteligente em meio rural, tomando como caso de estudo a fileira agroalimentar do Vale do Tejo. Neste sentido, analisam-se os fatores de natureza institucional suscetíveis de condicionar o desempenho da inovação nessa fileira e nessa região. Adota-se como premissa teórica que o desenvolvimento sustentável de uma região periférica cuja economia está especializada em atividades primárias e de primeira transformação depende da existência de uma massa crítica de instituições e da capacidade de cooperação intencional entre estas e os empresários, capaz de gerar eficiência coletiva. A investigação realizada permite comprovar que o Estado (em sentido lato) exerce uma influência positiva na dinamização da inovação, mas carece de uma atitude mais proactiva e menos rígida em matéria de procedimentos administrativos. Daí a necessidade de reforço da confiança e proximidade entre os ‘stakeholders’, nos termos formulados neste artigo, em ordem a contribuir para uma maior eficácia da especialização inteligente enquanto estratégia para um crescimento económico regional sustentado.