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- Does elite European match-play affect salivary immunoglobulin- a and cortisol in soccer players? The influence of playing status and match outcomePublication . Morgans, R.; Oliveira, Rafael; Rhodes, D.; Orme, P.; Ceylan, H. I.; González-Fernández, F. T.; Linán-González, A.; Moreira, A.Introduction: The aims of this study were to: a) investigate salivary immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) and cortisol (s-Cort) responses to nine competitive fixtures in starting and non- starting soccer players; and b) compare s-IgA and s Cort responses of starters and non-starters considering match outcome. Methods: Saliva from 19 male outfield players from an elite soccer team (mean ± SD, age 26 ± 4 years; weight 80.5 ± 8.1 kg; height 1.83 ± 0.07 m; body-fat 10.8% ± 0.7%) was collected. Saliva samples were taken on the day before each match (MD-1), 60-min before kick-off (MDpre), 30-min post-match (MDpost), and 72-h post-match (MD+3). There were five wins, one draw and three losses. Results: The mean s-IgA value was found to be significantly lower at MD+3 compared to MDpre and MDpost. s-Cort was significantly higher at MDpost compared to MD-1 and MDpre. When compared to MDpre, a statistically significant decrease in s-Cort was observed at MD+3 compared to MDpost. Starters displayed higher s-Cort values across the nine matches. There was a significant group-by-time interaction for s-Cort. There was a significant increase in s-Cort levels at MDpost compared to MD-1 and from MDpre to MDpost in starting players. At MDpost, starters had significantly higher s-Cort values. s-IgA values of starting and non- starting players following successful and unsuccessful matches did not reveal a significant difference. However, similar analysis of s-Cort in successful matches showed a significant difference between starters and non starters. s-IgA values at MD-1, MDpre, MDpost and MD+3 in starters and non starters following successful and unsuccessful matches revealed significant differences at MDpre and MDpost in starters, respectively. Furthermore, s-Cort values at MD-1, MDpre, MDpost and MD+3 in starters and non-starters in successful and unsuccessful matches revealed significant differences at MD+3 in starting players.Discussion: The present study suggests that in elite level soccer players, both starting status and match outcome influence s-IgA and s-Cort responses, particularly starters. Specifically, s-IgA was lower for starters before and after the match following successful outcomes. Moreover, higher s-Cort values were found before the match while lower values occurred after the match for starters in successful matches.
- Noções de Accountability na reestruturação da administração pública brasileira (1822-1831)Publication . Silva, Adriana Rodrigues; Santana, Àleff dos Santos; Vasconcelos, AngélicaO presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar as noções de accountability, incluindo mecanismos de responsabilização e prestação de contas, no caso da reestruturação da administração pública brasileira entre 1822 e 1831. Para o efeito, foi empreendida uma análise empírica que teve como base os relatórios do Ministério da Justiça, Ministério da Fazenda e Anais do Congresso Brasileiro. Os documentos de arquivo foram localizados no Center For Research Libraries e na Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil. Os resultados mostram indícios de duas modalidades de accountability no primeiro reinado, hierárquica e horizontal, assim como improbidade e imoralidade administrativa dos agentes públicos. Indicam também que a intervenção contábil atingiu a accountability, uma vez que informações da contabilidade eram necessárias para a prestação de contas. Por fim, o estudo indica que o conceito de accountability não deve ser considerado como um conjunto de processos peculiarmente moderno no contexto brasileiro.
- O impacto das atividades integradas STEM no interesse dos alunos do ensino secundário pelas áreas STEMPublication . Ribeirinha, Teresa; Baptista, Mónica; Correia, MarisaA investigação sugere que o desenvolvimento de atividades que integrem conteúdos de Ciência, Tecnologia, Engenharia e Matemática (atividades integradas STEM), em contextos formais pode, não só, suscitar o interesse dos alunos por estas áreas, bem como, minorar a desigualdade de género evidenciada nestas áreas. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito de atividades integradas STEM, desenvolvidas na disciplina de Química do 12.º ano de escolaridade, nas perceções dos alunos relativas ao interesse em seguir carreiras STEM. Adotou-se uma abordagem quantitativa com medidas de pré-teste e pós-teste, para uma amostra de conveniência, constituída por 191 alunos. Os resultados mostraram uma diferença estatisticamente significativa nas intenções dos rapazes de prosseguirem oportunidades educativas que poderiam conduzir a uma carreira nestas áreas, após a realização das atividades, enquanto os resultados do sexo feminino não apresentaram diferenças. Estes resultados realçam a importância das atividades integradas STEM no desenvolvimento e manutenção do interesse dos alunos pelo prosseguimento de estudos nestas áreas. Além disso, reforçam a necessidade destas atividades serem incorporadas em níveis de ensino inferiores e de forma
- Benefícios fiscais ao investimento:impulso ao desempenho empresarialPublication . Tomás, Ana Margarida; Dâmaso, M. ou Dâmaso, Goreti ou Dâmaso, Maria; São João, RicardoA presente investigação tem como objetivo avaliar se o planeamento fiscal, com enfoque na utilização de incentivos fiscais em sede de Imposto sobre o Rendi mento das Pessoas Coletivas (IRC), promove o desempenho das empresas. Com recurso a uma amostra não probabilística constituída por 60 empresas, foram considerados dois grupos: grupo «A», referente às 30 empresas que, cumulativamente, usufruíram o maior valor de incentivos fiscais em sede de IRC, e grupo «B», composto pelas empresas com menor valor acumulado de incentivos ao nível do referido imposto. Através de uma abordagem quantitativa, suportada por metodologia estatística, em particular ao nível da análise bivariada, foi identificada uma relação positiva e estatisticamente significativa en tre as práticas de planeamento fiscal e o desempenho das empresas. Conclui-se que o planeamento fiscal se evidenciou como impulsionador do desempenho empresarial da nossa amostra.
- Comparison of running and accelerometry variables based onmatch outcome, match location and quality of opponent in eliteprofessional soccer players. A five-season studyPublication . Morgans, Ryland; Radnor, John; Fonseca, Jose; Rhodes, Dave; Ryan, Ben; King, Matthew; Zmijewski, Piotr; Oliveira, RafaelThe aim of this study was to compare external match load, according to match outcome, match location, and opponent quality across five competitive seasons. Forty-six professional outfield soccer players from the same English Premier League club across the complete 2018/19 to 2022/23 seasons were involved in the study. For each match, the outcome (win, draw, loss), match location (home, away) and quality of opponent (top or bottom six teams, remaining mid-table teams) were recorded. Players covered significantly more m/min and performed more decelerations when playing against the top six compared to mid-table or bottom six teams (p < 0.001; d = 0.213–0.322). There were no differences in external match load depending on match outcome. There were significant opponent×outcome×match location interactions for each position across most of the external match load measures, but these differed in magnitude forspecific metrics and positions(p = 0.001–0.048; d = 0.300–1.741). The present study provided novel information on external match load and the influence of match outcome, match location and opponent quality. This may support and contribute to understanding how to improve training methods to physically prepare players to cope with varying contexts.
- Digital open educational resources: teachers’ perceptions of the pedagogical implicationsPublication . Messias, Inês; Loureiro, AnaThe educational paradigm has been changing, impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, that made witness the field’s strengths, weaknesses, and lack of readiness making the transition from traditional classroom teaching to Online Remote Teaching and Learning (ORTL). While pre-pandemic studies state that teachers were willing to change, post-pandemic studies still show that teachers have a basic or medium level of digital competencies, still feeling insecure about how to effectively and efficiently use digital tools in their educational practices. The study presented here is being conducted at a Portuguese Higher Education Institution, to students of a master’s degree in Digital Education Resources, after they were trained in the development and implementation of digital Open Educational Resources (OER). This paper presents preliminary findings concerning teachers’ perceptions about the pedagogical implications of using OER after having received specific training on how to prepare, adapt, create, and implement them. This study methodology consisted of the application of questionnaires, at the end of the unit on Digital Educational Resources. The results are preliminary, concerning the first implementation of the questionnaires. Our goal is to consistently apply them, to gain a better understanding of the knowledge gained over the course, and positive and negative implications on their pedagogical experience.
- Sustainable entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility:Analysing the state of researchPublication . Rosário, Albérico Travassos; Figueiredo, JoséAt a basic level, entrepreneurship refers to an individual or a small group of partners that intend to create a new business. Entrepreneurship is at the forefront of any competitive economy due to the creation of new products and services. In other words, entrepreneurship is associated with economic wealth, growth, and innovation. The usage of resources in the creation of new businesses needs to be rational because investors normally are risk averse, and the usage of resources must take into account the possible damage to the planet. In other words, entrepreneurs and the sustainability of the planet are interconnected. Beyond this, entrepreneurs need to take care of the corporate social responsibility of each new business, considering the interests of all stakeholders. Nevertheless, existing research has not shown in full all the research streams, how they interact with each other and their potential knowledge development. The methodological approach is based on a literature review using Scopus® databases under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis). This paper aims to identify research trends in the field through a Systematic Bibliometric Literature Review of social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility research, with a literature review based on SCOPUS, the world’s most important peer-reviewed database in the academic world, and using the PRISMA protocol, which contributes to an increased knowledge on the subject. The review includes 69 articles published in the Scopus® database, presenting up-to-date knowledge on the topic.
- Effects of high-intensity training and electrical stimulation on pain, disability, knee kinematic and performance in patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trialPublication . Mohammadi Nia Samakosh, Hadi; Oliveira, Rafael; Shahabi, Shahriar; Sarvarifar, Behrooz; Moddares Gorji, Sahar; Amirkhanloo, Amirreza; Badicu, Georgian; Hilal Yagin, Fatma; F. Alghannam, AbdullahPatellofemoral pain (PFP) is a widespread problem in athletes who participate in jumping, cutting, and pivoting sports. Forty-four players participated in this study. They were divided into two groups: exercise plus Electro Myo Stimulation (EMS, G1) and exercise without EMS (G2), both with 12 women and 10 men. The exercise consisted of 8 weeks of a high-intensity strength program for 45-60 minutes, plus cooling and a warm-up phase. Visual analogue scale (VAS), disability (Kujala patellofemoral score), knee valgus angle (KVA) and single-leg hop (SLH) were tested before (pre-test) and after training (post-test at 8 weeks) using a within between group analysis (ANOVA 2×2). At baseline, no differences between groups were found (p > 0.05). After the intervention, both groups improved VAS, KVA, SLH (p < 0.001), and disability (p = 0.042). G1 showed more improvements than G2 for VAS (- 63.4 vs - 51.5 %, p = 0.021, p2 = 0.13), disability (+ 32.6 vs + 18.4 %, p = 0.001, p2 = 0.52), KVA (+ 4.2 vs + 2.2 %, p = 0.016, p2 = 0.214) and SLH (+ 12.3 vs + 6.0 %, p = 0.003, p2 = 0.20) respectively. No differences were found between the sexes for each group. Despite both interventions being valid, high-intensity strength training combined with EMS improved pain, disability, knee kinematics, and lower extremity performance more than exercise alone in professional handball athletes with PFP.
- Innovación en la formación y en el desarrollo de las competências a través de la psicologiaPublication . Galinha, Sónia Maria Gomes AlexandreNuestro objetivo es resaltar el potencial de la psicología comunitaria en Estados Unidos, América Latina y Europa, así como mostrar algunos proyectos socioeducativos que hacen posible la participación humana. En 1965 se establece formalmente la Psicología Comunitaria, afirmada científicamente marcando el inicio del eje de apoyo a los centros comunitarios y el inicio de la desinstitucionalización con programas de tratamiento de base comunitaria.
- Effect of additional short sprint training on physical performance in adolescent male soccer players: a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Mainer-Pardos, Elena; Kamiş, Okan; Oliveira, Rafael; Nobari, HadiPurpose: The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis (SRMA) was to evaluate the effects of additional short sprint training with different intervention training programs (i.e. plyometric training, strength training or multidirectional training) on linear sprint, change of direction speeds (CODS) and jump ability performance in young male soccer players. Methods: An electronic database search was performed, and 7 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Results: The players’ mean age ranged from 7.6 to 18.8 years. The duration of combined interventions was from three weeks to 10 months, with training frequency ranging from one to two sessions per week. In general, the results of the performance were associated with a large and significant reduction in the time of CODS (ES -1.60 (95% CI – 2.33, -.87), Z=4.32 (P< .001)]. Moreover, the effects on vertical jump height showed a non-significant and small improvement between pre and post-test on the vertical jump performance [ES .45 (95% CI – .14, .75), Z=2.90 (P= .004)], with an average heterogeneity of I2 = 0%. Conclusions: The current SRMA suggests that although additional short sprint training may produce improvements in certain aspects of performance, efficacy varies depending on individual and training-specific factors.