Artigos em revistas internacionais - ESDRM
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Browsing Artigos em revistas internacionais - ESDRM by Author "Afonso, José"
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- Contemporary practices of portuguese and brazilian soccercoaches in designing and applying small-sided gamesPublication . Clemente, Filipe; Afonso, José; Silva, Rui Miguel; Aquino, Rodrigo; Vieira, Luiz Palucci; Santos, Fernando; Teoldo, Israel; Oliveira, Rafael; Praça, Gibson; Sarmento, HugoThis descriptive study aimed to investigate the current practices of Portuguese and Brazilian soccer coaches in the design and implementation of small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer. A total of 187 male coaches participated in the online survey, consisting of 82 Portuguese and 105 Brazilian individuals. These coaches held various positions within the technical staff, with 63 serving as head coaches, 38 as assistant coaches, 38 as physical trainers, and 48 in other roles related to the technical staff. Additionally, the participants represented both youth (n = 102) and adult competitive levels (n = 59), along with some who were not currently associated with a specific group. The survey consisted of 32 questions divided into three main sections: (i) the timing of SSG application, (ii) the methods used for applying SSGs, and (iii) the reasons for applying SSGs. The Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant association between nationality and the frequency of SSGs used in training sessions during the pre-season (p = 0.039) and in-season (p < 0.001). Moreover, significant association between nationality and the time allocated to employing SSGs for targeting aerobic training (p < 0.001) was found. There was a significant association between nationality and the weekly frequency of SSGs use for targeting sprint training (p = 0.019). The Chi-square test identified significant associations between nationality and the use of SSGs for targeting technical training (p = 0.002), as well as for tactical training (p = 0.002). In summary, this study underscores that SSGs are primarily employed to enhance aerobic fitness, change of direction, technical skills, and tactical behaviors. Coaches generally favor employing SSGs two to three times a week, with typical sessions lasting between 16 to 30 minutes. Notably, the major discrepancies between nationalities lie in the importance assigned to the use of SSGs. However, in practice, the formats and objectives for implementing SSGs remain relatively similar.
- Effect of Four Weeks of Home-Based Balance Training on the Performance in Individuals with Functional Ankle Instability: A Remote Online StudyPublication . Seyedi, Mohammadreza; Nobari, Hadi; Abbasi, Hamed; Khezri, Davood; Oliveira, Rafael; Pérez-Gómez, Jorge; Badicu, Georgian; Afonso, JoséThe purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effect of 4 weeks of home-based balance training (HBBT) on the performance of individuals with functional ankle instability (FAI) in daily activities and sports. Thirty college students diagnosed with FAI and with a mean weight of 79.8 3.4 kg, height of 182.5 5.1 cm, age of 23.5 1.2 years, and instability score of 20 2.3 were selected to participate in this study and were randomly divided by computer-generated methods into two groups: the HBBT group and the control group (CG), each consisting of 15 subjects. The HBBT group performed the program at home for 4 weeks, while the CG was non-exercise. Before and after the 4 weeks of exercise program, a form containing the foot and ankle ability measure for daily activities and sports was completed by the individuals. For data analysis, intra- and intergroup comparisons were performed using paired and independent sample t-tests, respectively, at a significance level of p 0.05. The results showed that 4 weeks of progressive HBBT were sufficient to significantly improve the measurement of the ability of ankle and foot function in individuals with FAI, even with a total volume of only 60 min per week. Accordingly, it is suggested that individuals with FAI can benefit from short-term HBBT programs, which are simple yet powerful enough to promote improvements in daily activities.
- The influence of playing position on physical, physiological, and tchnical demands in adult male soccer matches: a systematic scoping review with evidence Gap MapPublication . Sarmento, Hugo; Martinho, Diogo V.; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Afonso, José; Chmura, Paweł; Field, Adam; Savedra, Nestor Ordoñez; Oliveira, Rafael; Praça, Gibson; Silva, Rui; Barrera-Díaz, Joel; Clemente, Filipe ManuelBackground There has been an increase in studies examining the demands of soccer relative to each playing position in recent years. Understanding the physical, physiological, and technical demands on soccer players according to their positional role during competitive matches is necessary to understand match requirements and develop position-specifc training practices. Thereby, there is a clear need to synthesize the information on the diferent profles of each playing position. Objective This review aimed to organize the literature investigating physical, physiological, and technical demands accord ing to playing positions and provide a framework to identify gaps and suggestions for future studies. Methods A systematic search was conducted in October 2023 using four electronic databases: Web of Science, SPORT Discus, PubMed and Scopus. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR extension for Scoping Reviews. The studies were included if the sample comprised adult male soccer players categorized from Tier 3 to Tier 5 (i.e., highly trained/national level, elite/international level, or world class) and compared the physical, physiological, or technical parameters across playing positions. Results A total of 178 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The number of teams, players, and matches analyzed per study varied considerably. Although a range of classifcations were reported across studies, 59% of studies classifed players as central defenders, full-backs, central midfelders, wide midfelders, and forwards. The fnd ings suggests that central and external midfelders, and external defenders cover greater total and high-speed distance than forwards or central defenders. Sprint distance was higher in external midfelders versus all other positions. Defenders and central midfelders perform more passes than external midfelders and forwards. Heart rate was the most commonly reported physiological variable across playing positions. When expressed as a percentage of maximal heart rate, midfelders presented higher mean values than all other playing positions. Conclusion This scoping review demonstrates that there are diferences in the demands on players across playing positions in soccer. Training practices in soccer should be based on the specifc requirements of each positional role to ensure players can fulfll their tactical responsibilities during the game.
- Methodological characteristics, physiological and physical effects, and future directions for combined training in soccer: a systematic reviewPublication . Ribeiro, Jorge; Afonso, José; Camões, Miguel; Sarmento, Hugo; Sá, Mário; Lima, Ricardo; Oliveira, Rafael; Clemente, Filipe ManuelCombined training (CT) may combine strength and endurance training within a given time period, but it can also encompass additional protocols consisting of velocity, balance, or mobility as part of the same intervention. These combined approaches have become more common in soccer. This systematic review was conducted to (1) characterize the training protocols used in CT studies in soccer, (2) summarize the main physiological and physical effects of CT on soccer players, and (3) provide future directions for research. Methods: A systematic review of Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The PICOS were defined as follows: P (soccer players of any age or sex); I (CT combining strength and endurance or sprinting or balance or mobility training); C (the control group (whenever applicable), with or without comparative interventions in addition to usual soccer training); O (acute and/or chronic responses: biochemical, physiological and physical); S (must have at least two groups, either randomized or non-randomized). The database search initially identified 79 titles. From those, eight articles were deemed eligible for the systematic review. Three studies analyzed acute responses to concurrent training, while the remaining five analyzed adaptations to CT. In those tested for acute responses, physiological (hormonal) and physical (strength and power external load, internal load) parameters were observed. Adaptations were mainly focused on physical parameters (strength and power, sprints, jumps, repeated sprint ability, aerobic, change-of-direction), with relatively little focus on physiological parameters (muscle architecture). Short-term responses to CT can affect hormonal responses of testosterone after resistance training with internal and external load. In turn, these responses’ effects on strength and power have produced mixed results, as have adaptations. Specifically, strength and hypertrophy are affected to a lesser extent than speed/power movements. Nevertheless, it is preferable to perform CT before endurance exercises since it is a limiting factor for interference. Volume, intensity, rest between sessions, and athletes’ fitness levels and nutrition dictate the degree of interference.
- Relationships between sleep, athletic and match performance, training load, and injuries: a systematic review of soccer playersPublication . Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Afonso, José; Costa, Júlio; Oliveira, Rafael; Pino-Ortega, José; Rico-González, MarkelThe purpose of this systematic review was to summarize available evidence regarding the relationships between sleep and (i) athletic and match performance, (ii) training load, and (iii) injuries in soccer players. A systematic review of EBSCOhost (SPORTDiscus), PubMed, Cochrane Library, FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 297 titles were identified, of which 32 met the eligibility criteria. Results revealed that soccer players are no exception for sleep inadequacy. Although there was inconsistency in the findings, some studies suggested that sleep restrictions in soccer negatively affected athletic and match performance while also increasing the number and severity of musculoskeletal injuries. On the other hand, inconsistent results were found between sleep and athletic and match performance, and training load in soccer players. Physiological responses (and their intensity) during drill-based games were not influenced by changes in sleep. The available evidence is inconsistent; however, it appears to suggest that poor sleep affects soccer players' performance and increases the risk of injury. However, it remains important to study this complex relationship further.
- A systematic review of the criterion validity and reliability of technical and tactical field-based tests in soccerPublication . Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Praça, Gibson; Oliveira, Rafael; Aquino, Rodrigo; Araújo, Rui; Silva, Rui; Sarmento, Hugo; Afonso, JoséBackground: Field-based tests are important since they can guarantee ecological validity. Although most such tests are designed to assess physical fitness, tactical and technical dimensions are also determinants in a full battery of tests. Objectives: This systematic review aimed to (a) summarize the criterion validity and reliability of technical and tactical field-based tests applied in soccer and (b) list valid and reliable technical and tactical field-based tests. Methods: A systematic review of EBSCO, PubMed, Scielo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. The eligibility criteria included (i) population (soccer players from any age group, com petitive level, or sex); (ii) exposure (exposure to technical and/or tactical field-based tests covering individual technical skills, tactical behaviours, tactical knowledge, and decision-making in the field); (iii) comparator (a laboratory test and/ or a criterion field-based test); (iv) outcome (measures of reliability); and (v) no restrictions concerning study design. The synthesis of results focused on the outcomes considered in the eligibility criteria. Results: A total of 5008 titles were identified, of which 21 met the eligibility criteria. Eight studies’ analyses centred on tactical tests. Of those, six studies tested the same instrument (FUT-SAT), one study examined divergent thought, and one study used a soccer-specific skills test Among the 10 included studies involving technical tests, only two repeated the same test (the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test). Three studies included tests concurring with physical ones. According to the main findings, the eight studies that used tactical tests revealed that the outcomes obtained from the tests and observers were reliable. The 10 studies that used technical tests, as well as the three concurrent studies, revealed similarly high reliability. Of the eight studies that used tactical tests, seven involved youth participants. Furthermore, three of the 10 studies that conducted technical tests were done on adults. Of the concurrent tests, three involved youth athletes. Only one study including a tactical analysis presented values for validity, while three others provided information about validity. The four studies provided information about test validity. Conclusions: Overall, the selected technical and tactical tests, most of which were carried out on youth players, revealed their validity and reliability. Although most studies focused on reliability (which was confirmed regardless of the test included), criterion validity was also observed in the few studies that analysed such factors. Thus, the tests cur rently proposed for assessing technical and tactical behaviours possess acceptable criterion validity and reliability.
- The Influence of Playing Position on Physical, Physiological, and Technical Demands in Adult Male Soccer Matches: A Systematic Scoping Review with Evidence Gap MapPublication . Sarmento, Hugo; Martinho, Diogo V.; Gouveia, Élvio R.; Afonso, José; Chmura, Paweł; Field, Adam; Savedra, Nestor Ordoñez; Oliveira, Rafael; Praça, Gibson; Silva, Rui; Barrera-Díaz, Joel; Clemente, Filipe ManuelBackground There has been an increase in studies examining the demands of soccer relative to each playing position in recent years. Understanding the physical, physiological, and technical demands on soccer players according to their positional role during competitive matches is necessary to understand match requirements and develop position-specifc training practices. Thereby, there is a clear need to synthesize the information on the diferent profles of each playing position. Objective This review aimed to organize the literature investigating physical, physiological, and technical demands accord ing to playing positions and provide a framework to identify gaps and suggestions for future studies. Methods A systematic search was conducted in October 2023 using four electronic databases: Web of Science, SPORT Discus, PubMed and Scopus. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR extension for Scoping Reviews. The studies were included if the sample comprised adult male soccer players categorized from Tier 3 to Tier 5 (i.e., highly trained/national level, elite/international level, or world class) and compared the physical, physiological, or technical parameters across playing positions. Results A total of 178 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The number of teams, players, and matches analyzed per study varied considerably. Although a range of classifcations were reported across studies, 59% of studies classifed players as central defenders, full-backs, central midfelders, wide midfelders, and forwards. The fnd ings suggests that central and external midfelders, and external defenders cover greater total and high-speed distance than forwards or central defenders. Sprint distance was higher in external midfelders versus all other positions. Defenders and central midfelders perform more passes than external midfelders and forwards. Heart rate was the most commonly reported physiological variable across playing positions. When expressed as a percentage of maximal heart rate, midfelders presented higher mean values than all other playing positions. Conclusion This scoping review demonstrates that there are diferences in the demands on players across playing positions in soccer. Training practices in soccer should be based on the specifc requirements of each positional role to ensure players can fulfll their tactical responsibilities during the game.
- Variability of internal and external loads and technical/tactical outcomes during small-sided soccer games: a systematic review.Publication . Clemente, Filipe Manuel; Aquino, Rodrigo; Praça, Gibson; Rico-González, Markel; Oliveira, Rafael; Silva, Ana Filipa; Sarmento, Hugo; Afonso, JoséSmall-sided games (SSGs) are widely used in soccer training. However, some of the typical outcomes related to human responses during these games (namely internal and external load) may vary between sessions for similar practice conditions. Thus, the study of intra- and inter-bout variability in response to SSGs is progressively growing. This systematic review aimed to (1) identify studies that have examined the intraand inter-session bouts’ variability levels regarding the internal and external load and technical/tactical outcomes during SSGs and (2) summarize the main evidence. A systematic review of PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. From the 486 studies initially identified, 24 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. Sixteen studies analyzed internal load, 13 studies analyzed external load variables, six studies analyzed technical execution, and two studies analyzed tactical behavior. All studies included SSGs with a range number of players between 2 to 14 (1 vs. 1 to 7 vs. 7 SSGs). Internal load and low-speed external load variables presented a low variability, while high variations were reported regarding the technical execution and high-speed external loads.