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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório descreve o percurso realizado no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação
Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, destacando as experiências
vivenciadas nas Práticas de Ensino Supervisionada, em contextos de Creche, Jardim de
Infância e 1º Ciclo. Aborda, também, o exercício investigativo acerca de Os Medos em
Crianças de Pré-escolar e Primeiro Ciclo do Ensino Básico partindo da seguinte pergunta
de investigação: Como se caracterizam os medos das crianças, quais os principais temas
e que estratégias utilizam os educadores e professores de Jardim de Infância e Primeiro
Ciclo? No que respeita à metodologia, optou-se por uma metodologia de natureza
qualitativa, com uma amostra de 57 crianças de pré-escolar e primeiro ciclo, 4 educadores,
5 professores e 1 psicólogo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram entrevistas semi-diretivas e
desenhos comentados.
A análise de resultados permitiu indicar que os medos mais frequentes nas crianças são
o medo de animais; do escuro; do desconhecido e de situações novas; o medo de falhar e
a fobia escolar. No que se refere às conceções sobre os medos, constatou-se que o medo
é entendido como um elemento natural do desenvolvimento da criança. Relativamente às
características e reações que surgem no medo, foram mencionadas o choro, a frustração,
evitamento e inibição. No que respeita à repercussão do medo no desenvolvimento das
crianças, destaca-se a dificuldade na socialização, ao nível comportamental e na
aprendizagem. Quanto às estratégias utilizadas, destaca-se a validação do medo como
algo natural, o incentivo, desmistificação, exposição ao medo e o recurso a desenhos e
histórias. O estudo termina com a discussão dos resultados e sugestões de próximos
estudos
This report describes the course carried out in the context of the master’s degree in Pre School Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, highlighting the experiences experienced in Supervised Teaching Practices, in contexts of Daycare, Kindergarten and 1st Cycle. It also addresses the investigative exercise about The Fears in Preschool Children and First Cycle of Primary Education based on the following research question: How are children's fears characterized, what are the main themes and what strategies educators and teachers of Kindergarten and First Cycle use? Regarding the methodology, we opted for a qualitative methodology, with a sample of 57 preschool and first cycle children, 4 educators, 5 teachers and 1 psychologist. The instruments used were semi directive interviews and commented drawings. The analysis of results indicated that the most frequent fears in children are the fear of animals; of the dark; of the unknown and new situations; the fear of failure and school phobia. In regard to conceptions about fears, it was found that fear is understood as a natural element of the child's development. Regarding the characteristics and reactions that arise in fear, were mentioned crying, frustration, avoidance and inhibition. As regard to the repercussion of fear on children's development, the difficulty in socialization, behavioral level and learning, stands out. Regarding the strategies used, we highlight the validation of fear as something natural, the incentive, demystification, exposure to fear and the use of drawings and stories. The study ends with the discussion of the results and suggestions of future studies.
This report describes the course carried out in the context of the master’s degree in Pre School Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education, highlighting the experiences experienced in Supervised Teaching Practices, in contexts of Daycare, Kindergarten and 1st Cycle. It also addresses the investigative exercise about The Fears in Preschool Children and First Cycle of Primary Education based on the following research question: How are children's fears characterized, what are the main themes and what strategies educators and teachers of Kindergarten and First Cycle use? Regarding the methodology, we opted for a qualitative methodology, with a sample of 57 preschool and first cycle children, 4 educators, 5 teachers and 1 psychologist. The instruments used were semi directive interviews and commented drawings. The analysis of results indicated that the most frequent fears in children are the fear of animals; of the dark; of the unknown and new situations; the fear of failure and school phobia. In regard to conceptions about fears, it was found that fear is understood as a natural element of the child's development. Regarding the characteristics and reactions that arise in fear, were mentioned crying, frustration, avoidance and inhibition. As regard to the repercussion of fear on children's development, the difficulty in socialization, behavioral level and learning, stands out. Regarding the strategies used, we highlight the validation of fear as something natural, the incentive, demystification, exposure to fear and the use of drawings and stories. The study ends with the discussion of the results and suggestions of future studies.
Description
Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e em Ensino do 1ºCiclo do Ensino Básico
Keywords
medo crianças pré-escolar primeiro ciclo educação fear children preschool first cycle education