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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Resumo:
A aclimatização à altitude é entendida como o processo que toma lugar quando o organismo
humano é exposto a condições de hipoxia, e compreende um sem número de processos
fisiológicos, que servem para mitigar, até certo ponto, os efeitos da descida da pressão
parcial de oxigénio. Um desses processos consiste na estimulação da eritropoiese.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto de um estágio de 23 dias a 2240m de altitude,
nos parâmetros do eritrograma e na concentração de eritropoietina ([EPO]), em 7 triatletas
de elite.
A amostra, constituída por 5 atletas masculinos e 2 atletas femininos, foi submetida a dois
momentos de avaliação – no dia anterior ao início do estágio e no dia seguinte ao retorno ao
nível do mar – para determinar o número de glóbulos vermelhos (RBC), a concentração de
hemoglobina ([Hb]), o hematócrito (Htc), o volume globular médio (VGM), a hemoglobina
globular média (HGM), a concentração de hemoglobina globular média (CHGM), o índice de
anisocitose (RDW) e a [EPO].
A [EPO] (9,8±3,5 para 7,4±2,8mUI/ml, p=0,178) e a CHGM (33,2±0,5 para 32,4±0,6g/dl,
p=0,005) diminuíram após o estágio, sendo que esta diferença apenas foi significativa para a
CHGM. Os aumentos significativos ocorreram para o RBC (4,7±0,3 para 4,9±0,2x106/mm3,
p=0,019); a [Hb] (14,5±0,8 para 15,2±0,3g/dl, p=0,022); o Htc (43,6±2,0 para 46,9±1,2%,
p=0,003); o VGM (93,0±3,8 para 95,8±3,8fl, p=0,000) e o RDW (13,1±0,3 para 13,4±0,2%,
p=0,034).
Conclui-se que um estágio de 3 semanas a uma altitude de 2240m provoca alterações no
eritrograma em 7 triatletas de elite, embora não seja possível estabelecer com certeza se
essas alterações resultaram do estímulo hipóxico por si só ou de um incremento na
condição física.
Abstract: Acclimatization to altitude is understood as a mechanism that takes place when the human body is subjected to hypoxia, and includes a variety of physiological processes designed to mitigate, to a certain point, the effects of the oxygen partial pressure descent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 23 days of traditional altitude training at 2240m on the erythrogram parameters and on the erythropoietin concentration ([EPO]), in 7 elite triathletes. The sample, constituted by 5 male and 2 female individuals, was submitted to two moments of evaluation – one day before ascent to 2240m and one day after the return to sea level – in order to evaluate the number of red blood cells (RBC), the concentration of hemoglobin ([Hb]), the hematocrit (Htc), the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the red cell distribution width (RDW) and the [EPO]. [EPO] (9,8±3,5 to 7,4±2,8mUI/ml, p=0,178) and CHGM (33,2±0,5 to 32,4±0,6g/dl, p=0,005) decreased after altitude training, the differences being significant only to CHGM. Significant increases occurred in RBC (4,7±0,3 to 4,9±0,2x106/mm3, p=0,019); [Hb] (14,5±0,8 to 15,2±0,3g/dl, p=0,022); Htc (43,6±2,0 to 46,9±1,2%, p=0,003); VGM (93,0±3,8 to 95,8±3,8fl, p=0,000) and RDW (13,1±0,3 to 13,4±0,2%, p=0,034). In conclusion, a 3 week training program at 2240m modifies erythropoietic activity in 7 elite triathletes, although it is not possible to establish with certainty if these alterations are a result of the hypoxic stimulus by itself, or a consequence of an improvement in physical conditioning.
Abstract: Acclimatization to altitude is understood as a mechanism that takes place when the human body is subjected to hypoxia, and includes a variety of physiological processes designed to mitigate, to a certain point, the effects of the oxygen partial pressure descent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of 23 days of traditional altitude training at 2240m on the erythrogram parameters and on the erythropoietin concentration ([EPO]), in 7 elite triathletes. The sample, constituted by 5 male and 2 female individuals, was submitted to two moments of evaluation – one day before ascent to 2240m and one day after the return to sea level – in order to evaluate the number of red blood cells (RBC), the concentration of hemoglobin ([Hb]), the hematocrit (Htc), the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the red cell distribution width (RDW) and the [EPO]. [EPO] (9,8±3,5 to 7,4±2,8mUI/ml, p=0,178) and CHGM (33,2±0,5 to 32,4±0,6g/dl, p=0,005) decreased after altitude training, the differences being significant only to CHGM. Significant increases occurred in RBC (4,7±0,3 to 4,9±0,2x106/mm3, p=0,019); [Hb] (14,5±0,8 to 15,2±0,3g/dl, p=0,022); Htc (43,6±2,0 to 46,9±1,2%, p=0,003); VGM (93,0±3,8 to 95,8±3,8fl, p=0,000) and RDW (13,1±0,3 to 13,4±0,2%, p=0,034). In conclusion, a 3 week training program at 2240m modifies erythropoietic activity in 7 elite triathletes, although it is not possible to establish with certainty if these alterations are a result of the hypoxic stimulus by itself, or a consequence of an improvement in physical conditioning.
Description
Orientador: Professor Doutor António Manuel da Silva Moreira
Co-orientador: Professor Doutor João Paulo Moreira de Brito
Keywords
altitude eritropoietina eritrograma exercício triatlo erythropoietin erythrogram exercise triathlon
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior