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Publication
The effects of high-speed resistance training on health outcomes in independent older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Human ageing involves several physiological impairments—in particular, a decrease in
sensorimotor function and changes in the nervous system reduce muscle strength, power, balance,
and functional capacity performance. Preventive strategies are essential to ensure the quality of life
of the elderly. High-speed resistance training (HSRT) may be an effective approach to muscle power
development in this population, with significant short-term effects on neural adaptations and muscle
power production. Therefore, the present study intends to analyze and systematize the studies
focused on HSRT interventions and their effects on health outcomes in independent older adults.
Four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Scielo) were used for the purposes
of searching randomized controlled trials that measured at least one key outcome measure focusing
on velocity-based training and health outcomes in older adults on 7 March 2022 and identified
1950 studies. At the end of the process, fourteen studies were included in this systematic review
and ten studies were included in the quantitative analysis. The main results showed that HSRT
interventions would improve health measures, mostly cognitive function (large effects, p = 0.001,
SMD = 0.94), neuromuscular function (moderate effects, p = 0.003, SMD = 0.70), and physical function
(moderate effects, p = 0.04, SMD = 0.55 and p = 0.009, SMD = −0.59). Additionally, the results sug gested that interventions with ten weeks or more, performed three times a week, provide significant
improvements in neuromuscular function. In this sense, HSRT is effective for improving overall
health outcomes in older adults. Future studies should include proper follow-ups (e.g., minimum
six months) to assess the durability of HSRT intervention effects on all health-related variables.
Description
Keywords
older people high-speed resistance training power training neuromuscular function health measures
Citation
Martins AD, Fernandes O, Pereira A, Oliveira R, Alderete Goñi FD, Leite NJC & Brito JP. (2022)The Effects of High-Speed Resistance Training on Health Outcomes in Independent Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19(9):5390. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095390
Publisher
MDPI