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Dissuasão de pombos invasores: um estudo comparativo entre métodos naturais e artificiais
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Resumo(s)
As sobrepopulações de aves sinantrópicas podem ser um sinonimo de inúmeros prejuízos em ambientes urbanos, como a degradação de edifícios e propagação de agentes patogénicos, sendo para isso necessário usar métodos de forma a mitigar a sua presença. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar técnicas de dissuasão, no controlo de pombos invasores: dissuasão natural com aves de rapina (águia-de-harris, falcão-lanário, bufo-de-bengala e peneireiro comum) e dissuasão artificial (modelo artificial de mocho com emissão sonora, idêntico a uma aves de rapina). Os métodos foram aplicados em diferentes áreas pertencentes a uma exploração turística em Arouca. Na primeira fase do estudo, procedeu-se à estimativa do número médio de pombos e à observação dos respetivos comportamentos ao longo do dia. Na segunda fase, foi estudada a eficácia dos dois métodos de dissuasão. Os pombos apresentaram comportamentos que variam em função do tipo de recursos ambientais
disponíveis, que é o caso da alimentação e locais de repouso. O uso das aves de rapina demonstrou maior eficácia no controlo de pombos quando comparada com os métodos de dissuasão artificial, que levaram à habituação por parte dos pombos. Verificou-se ainda que a ave de rapina mais eficaz para o local foi o peneireiro-euroasiático (Falco tinnunculus) pela agilidade e capacidade de perseguição, de forma a pressionar os pombos no local. Em conclusão, a falcoaria na exploração turística é fundamental para a diminuição dos prejuízos causados pelos pombos urbanos, e que os estudos deste tipo de métodos de controlo de sobrepopulações devem ser realizados.
Overpopulations of synanthropic birds can cause numerous problems in urban environments, such as damage to buildings and the spread of pathogenic diseases, making it necessary to use methods to mitigate their presence. This study aimed to evaluate to evaluate deterrent techniques for controlling invasive pigeons: natural with birds of prey (Harri´s hawk, Lanner falcon, Bengal owl, and Common kestrel) and artificial deterrence (artificial owl model and sound emission identical to birds of prey). The methods were applied in different areas belonging to a tourist farm in Arouca. In the first phase of the study, the average number of pigeons was estimated and their behavior was observed throughout the day in the study areas. In the second phase, the effectiveness of the two methods was studied. Pigeons exhibit behaviours that vary depending on the type of environmental resources available, such as food and resting places. The use of birds of prey proved to be more effective in controlling pigeons when compared to artificial deterrence methods, as the latter led to habituation on the part of the pigeons. Was also found that the most effective bird of prey for the site was the Eurasian kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) due to its agility and pursuit ability, which put pressure on the pigeons at the area. In conclusion, falconry in tourism is essential for reducing the damage caused by urban pigeons, and studies of this type of overpopulation control method should be carried out.
Overpopulations of synanthropic birds can cause numerous problems in urban environments, such as damage to buildings and the spread of pathogenic diseases, making it necessary to use methods to mitigate their presence. This study aimed to evaluate to evaluate deterrent techniques for controlling invasive pigeons: natural with birds of prey (Harri´s hawk, Lanner falcon, Bengal owl, and Common kestrel) and artificial deterrence (artificial owl model and sound emission identical to birds of prey). The methods were applied in different areas belonging to a tourist farm in Arouca. In the first phase of the study, the average number of pigeons was estimated and their behavior was observed throughout the day in the study areas. In the second phase, the effectiveness of the two methods was studied. Pigeons exhibit behaviours that vary depending on the type of environmental resources available, such as food and resting places. The use of birds of prey proved to be more effective in controlling pigeons when compared to artificial deterrence methods, as the latter led to habituation on the part of the pigeons. Was also found that the most effective bird of prey for the site was the Eurasian kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) due to its agility and pursuit ability, which put pressure on the pigeons at the area. In conclusion, falconry in tourism is essential for reducing the damage caused by urban pigeons, and studies of this type of overpopulation control method should be carried out.
Descrição
Dissertação, Mestrado, Engenharia Zootécnica, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Escola Superior Agrária, 2026
Palavras-chave
ambiente urbano falcoaria pombos técnicas de controlo unidade turística urban environment falconry pigeons control techniques tourist facility
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Ferreira, Daniel Costa (2026). Dissuasão de pombos invasores: um estudo comparativo entre métodos naturais e artificiais. Dissertação de Mestrado na área da Engenharia Zootécnica, apresentada na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/6081