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Abstract(s)
A cultura do brócolo para indústria constitui uma importante atividade na região da
Lezíria Tejo. Esta é a principal região produtora no país. A escolha das variedades a
plantar é condicionada por um conjunto de fatores: adaptação às condições culturais,
produtividade, tolerância a doenças e pragas e exigências de qualidade por parte da
indústria.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a avaliação estudo do desenvolvimento e
crescimento de 2 cultivares de brócolo de indústria (Parthenon e Titanium). Para este
estudo foi instalado um ensaio de campo, na localidade da Golegã, em condições reais
de cultivo. Foi avaliado in situ o desenvolvimento das plantas, através da observação do
número de folhas, altura média das plantas e fases de desenvolvimento.
Bissemanalmente, foram colhidas aleatoriamente 8 plantas de cada tratamento,
determinando-se o peso verde (PV) e seco (PS) de cada uma das suas componentes
(folhas, caules e inflorescência) e o diâmetro médio das inflorescências. No final, foi
estimada a produtividade e o diâmetro médio das inflorescências.
A variedade Titanium apresentou maior produtividade (14 888 kg/ha) em relação à
Parthenon (11 127 kg/ha), com diferenças estatisticamente significativas. A fase de
desenvolvimento 41 (formação da cabeça) iniciou-se no Titanium com um somatório de
temperaturas na ordem dos 470 – 500 Cº dia, enquanto as plantas de Parthenon
iniciaram essa fase aos 500 – 550ºC dia.
A variedade Parthenon possui um PS total da planta superior à variedade Titanium
Foi possível ajustar o modelo logístico às duas variedades. O modelo estimou o valor
de 234,7 g/Plt e 208,1 g/Plt de PS total, respetivamente para Parthenon e Titanium. Aos
81 DAP, a variedade Titanium apresentou diâmetros das cabeças ligeiramente
superiores à Parthenon (162 mm na Titanium e 157 mm na Parthenon), embora as
diferenças não sejam significativas (valor p > 0,05). Ambas as variedades alcançaram a
maior percentagem de cabeças comerciais aos 81 DAP, com um somatório de
temperaturas entre 900 e 1000 ºC dia.
The culture of broccoli for industry is an important activity in the Lezíria Tejo region. This is the main producing region in the country. The choice of varieties to plant is conditioned by a set of factors: adaptation to cultural conditions; productivity; tolerance to diseases and pests and quality requirements by the industry. The present work aimed to evaluate the development and growth of 2 industrial broccoli cultivars (Parthenon and Titanium). For this study, a field trial was installed, in the locality of Golegã, under real cultivation conditions. Plant development was evaluated in situ, by observing the number of leaves, average plant height and stages of development. Biweekly, 8 plants were randomly harvested from each treatment, determining the green weight (PV) and dry weight (PS) of each of its components (leaves, stems and inflorescence) and the mean diameter of the inflorescences. In the end, the productivity and the average diameter of the inflorescences were estimated. The Titanium variety showed higher productivity (14,888 kg/ha) in relation to Parthenon (11,127 kg/ha), with statistically significant differences. The development phase 41 (head formation) started at Titanium with a sum of temperatures in the order of 470 – 500 °C day, while the Parthenon plants started this phase at 500 ¬– 550 °C day. The Parthenon variety has a higher total plant dry weight than the Titanium variety. It was possible to adjust the logistic model to the two varieties. The model estimated the value of 234.7 g/Plt and 208.1 g/Plt of total PS, respectively for Parthenon and Titanium. At 81 DAP, the Titanium variety presented head diameters slightly larger than the Parthenon, although the differences (162 mm in Titanium and 157 mm in Parthenon) are not significant (p value > 0.05). Both varieties reached the highest percentage of commercial heads at 81 DAP, with a sum of temperatures between 900 and 1000 ºC day.
The culture of broccoli for industry is an important activity in the Lezíria Tejo region. This is the main producing region in the country. The choice of varieties to plant is conditioned by a set of factors: adaptation to cultural conditions; productivity; tolerance to diseases and pests and quality requirements by the industry. The present work aimed to evaluate the development and growth of 2 industrial broccoli cultivars (Parthenon and Titanium). For this study, a field trial was installed, in the locality of Golegã, under real cultivation conditions. Plant development was evaluated in situ, by observing the number of leaves, average plant height and stages of development. Biweekly, 8 plants were randomly harvested from each treatment, determining the green weight (PV) and dry weight (PS) of each of its components (leaves, stems and inflorescence) and the mean diameter of the inflorescences. In the end, the productivity and the average diameter of the inflorescences were estimated. The Titanium variety showed higher productivity (14,888 kg/ha) in relation to Parthenon (11,127 kg/ha), with statistically significant differences. The development phase 41 (head formation) started at Titanium with a sum of temperatures in the order of 470 – 500 °C day, while the Parthenon plants started this phase at 500 ¬– 550 °C day. The Parthenon variety has a higher total plant dry weight than the Titanium variety. It was possible to adjust the logistic model to the two varieties. The model estimated the value of 234.7 g/Plt and 208.1 g/Plt of total PS, respectively for Parthenon and Titanium. At 81 DAP, the Titanium variety presented head diameters slightly larger than the Parthenon, although the differences (162 mm in Titanium and 157 mm in Parthenon) are not significant (p value > 0.05). Both varieties reached the highest percentage of commercial heads at 81 DAP, with a sum of temperatures between 900 and 1000 ºC day.
Description
Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre na área de Engenharia Agronómica, na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém
Keywords
Brassica oleracea L. var. italica variedade crescimento desenvolvimento somatório de temperaturas brócolos varieties Growth Development Sum of temperatures brocoli
Citation
Silva, Afonso Pereira da (2022). Desenvolvimento e crescimento da cultura do brócolo (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) para indústria: aplicação às variedades “Parthenon” e “Titanium”. Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre na área de Engenharia Agronómica, na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém. Disponível em: http://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4107