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Wave characteristics in breaststroke technique with and without snorkel use

2013Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorConceição, Ana
dc.contributor.authorSilva, António J.
dc.contributor.authorBoaventura, José
dc.contributor.authorMarinho, Daniel A.
dc.contributor.authorLouro, Hugo
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-06T21:52:21Z
dc.date.available2021-08-06T21:52:21Z
dc.date.issued2013
dc.description.abstractThe purpose of this paper was to examine the characteristics of waves generated when swimming with and without the use of Aquatrainer® snorkels. Eight male swimmers performed two maximal bouts of 25 m breaststroke, first without the use of a snorkel (normal condition) and then using a snorkel (snorkel condition). The body landmarks, centre of the mass velocity, stroke rate, stroke length, stroke index, and Strouhal number (St) were quantified. Fourier analysis was conducted to determine the frequency, amplitude, and phase characteristics of the vertical undulations. We also determined the undulation period, the first and second harmonic wave percentage, and the contribution of these components to the power of each of the wave signals. The first wave harmonics had a frequency of 0.76 Hz (normal condition) and 0.78 Hz (snorkel condition), and the second wave harmonics had a frequency of 1.52 Hz (normal condition) and 1.56 Hz (snorkel condition). Under the normal conditions, the wave amplitude was higher on the vertex (0.72 m) and cervical (0.32 m) than that produced under snorkel conditions (0.71 m and 0.28 m, respectively). The lowest values were found in the hip (0.03 m in normal conditions, and 0.02 m in snorkel conditions) and in the trunk (0.06 m in normal conditions, and 0.04 m in snorkel conditions). It can be concluded that snorkel use seems to lead to slight changes in the biomechanical pattern in swimming velocity, as well as several stroke mechanical variables.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationConceição, A.; Silva, A.J.; Boaventura, J.; Marinho, D.A. & Louro, H. (2013). Wave characteristics in breaststroke technique with and without snorkel use. Journal of Human Kinetics, 39(1), 185-194.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.2478/hukin-2013-0081pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1899-7562
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3558
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherOffice Academy of Physical Education Mikołowskapt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttp://www.johk.pl/files/10078-39-2013-v39-2013-19.pdfpt_PT
dc.subjectcompetitive swimmingpt_PT
dc.subjectfourier analysispt_PT
dc.subjectstroke ratept_PT
dc.subjectwave motionpt_PT
dc.subjectstroke lengthpt_PT
dc.subjectswimming snorkelpt_PT
dc.titleWave characteristics in breaststroke technique with and without snorkel usept_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlacePolandpt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage194pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage185pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Human Kineticspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume39pt_PT
person.familyNameConceição
person.familyNameLouro
person.givenNameAna
person.givenNameHugo
person.identifier1741759
person.identifier1741645
person.identifier.ciencia-id6F1E-2607-3DA6
person.identifier.ciencia-id8019-E11F-9609
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-8109-4875
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-5635-2476
person.identifier.scopus-author-id26425142800
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication3779cb02-16b2-46b7-a2ca-2206f8709781
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationf29a2faa-09b7-43c3-b023-0684d0a5d8d3
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryf29a2faa-09b7-43c3-b023-0684d0a5d8d3

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