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Bisifusarium lunatum causing cladode soft rot in pear cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) in Brazil

2024-07Journal article Open access
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authorProfile.affiliationInstituto Politécnico de Santarém_Escola Superior Agráriapt_PT
dc.contributor.authorXavier, L.M.S.
dc.contributor.authorFarias, O.R.
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, P.R.R.
dc.contributor.authorVaranda, Carla
dc.contributor.authorMateratski, P.
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, V.S.
dc.contributor.authorPorcino, M.M.
dc.contributor.authorBarros, A.P.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, H.F.
dc.contributor.authorBatista, F.R.C.
dc.contributor.authorCorreia, K.C.
dc.contributor.authorNascimento, L.C.
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-22T16:14:53Z
dc.date.available2024-08-22T16:14:53Z
dc.date.issued2024-07
dc.description.abstractCactus pear variety Miuda (Nopalea cochenillifera L. Salm-Dyck) is an important crop for the Northeast region of Brazil, composing one of the main sources of animal feed. By April 2021, cladode rot caused death of several cactus pear plants in a production area located in Itaporanga, Paraíba State, Brazil (7°21'55.35'S, 38°11'38.68'W). The infected cladodes showed brown circular necrotic spots and soft rot with perforations that extended throughout the cladode, followed by tipping over and death of the infected plants. The incidence of the disease ranged from 10 to 30% of the plants. Bisifusarium strains were isolated and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient-poor agar (SNA). The colonies were purple in color on PDA. On SNA, macroconidia (n = 100) were abundant, hyaline, slightly falcate, and three-septate, measuring 11.0 to 23.1 × 2.3 to 4.1 µm. Microconidia (n = 100) were oval and generally aseptate, measuring 4.1 to 8.7 × 2.3 to 3.0 µm. Conidiogenic cells formed into short monophialides. Chlamydospores were not observed. According to these morphological features, the pathogen was initially identified as Bisifusarium lunatum (Gryzenhout et al. 2017). For further confirmation of the identification, the partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-a) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) genes were sequenced for a representative isolate (CMA 34; GenBank accession nos. OR536502 for TEF1-a and OR553509 for RPB2) and compared with other Bisifusarium species from the GenBank database. Subsequently, it was subjected to a phylogenetic analysis of maximum likelihood, including previously published sequences. According to BLAST searches, the TEF1-a and RPB2 sequences were 99% (637/640 nt) and 100% (312/312 nt) similar to B. lunatum (COUFAL0213: TEF1-a [MK640219] and RPB2 [MK301291]), respectively. The isolate was also clustered in a clade containing the ex-type of B. lunatum with 100% support (SH-aLRT and UFboot), being confidently assigned to this species. The pathogenicity test was performed as described by Medeiros et al. (2015) by using healthy 2-month-old cactus pear seedlings (n = 10) cultivated in a greenhouse. Sterile toothpicks were distributed over colonies of the representative isolate grown on PDA at 25 ± 2°C for 7 days. Seedling cladodes were stuck with the toothpicks, moistened with sterile water, and covered with transparent plastic bags for 24 h, thus simulating a humid chamber. Following 3 months, all control plants (stuck with sterile toothpicks) remained healthy, whereas those inoculated with the representative isolate exhibited rot symptoms. This test was performed two times. B. lunatum was reisolated from symptomatic cladodes and identified as previously described, thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of B. lunatum causing soft rot on N. cochenillifera in Brazil. Besides N. cochenillifera, this species was also reported on Opuntia ficus-indica in India (Gryzenhout et al. 2017), which raises concern regarding its ability to infect other forage sources for cattle feed in Brazilian semiarid regions. The present study highlights that the precise identification of B. lunatum is a key factor to adjust control strategies and management of the disease to prevent the spread of this disease to other crops.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipInstituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA); Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba (FAPESQ); Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologiapt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationXavier, L.M.S.; Farias, O.R.; Barbosa, P.R.R.; Varanda, C.M.R.; Materatski, P.; Oliveira, V.S.; Porcino, M.M.; Barros, A.P.; Silva, H.F.; Batista, F.R.C.; Correia, K.C. & Nascimento, L.C. (2024). Bisifusarium lunatum causing cladode soft rot in pear cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) in Brazil. Plant Disease, 108(7), 2228. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0456-PDNpt_PT
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0456-PDNpt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1943-7692
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/4934
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherThe American Phytopathological Societypt_PT
dc.relationInstituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA)pt_PT
dc.relationFundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba (FAPESQ)pt_PT
dc.relationCEEC - Individual Call to Scientific Employment Stimulus - 2021.01553.CEECIND/CP1670/CT0003 - FCTpt_PT
dc.relationCERNAS - UIDP/00681/2020 - FCTpt_PT
dc.relationMED - UIDB/05183/2020 - FCTpt_PT
dc.relationMED - UIDP/05183/2020 - FCTpt_PT
dc.relationCHANGE - FCTpt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/PDIS-02-24-0456-PDNpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectdisease development and spreadpt_PT
dc.subjectepidemiologypt_PT
dc.subjectfield cropspt_PT
dc.subjectfungipt_PT
dc.subjectpathogen detectionpt_PT
dc.subjecttropical plantpt_PT
dc.titleBisifusarium lunatum causing cladode soft rot in pear cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) in Brazilpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage2228pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue7pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage2228pt_PT
oaire.citation.titlePlant Diseasept_PT
oaire.citation.volume108pt_PT
person.familyNameVaranda
person.givenNameCarla
person.identifierw-2502-2018
person.identifier.ciencia-id061E-C9D5-C76E
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6915-1793
person.identifier.scopus-author-id8899392100
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublication6984a3b0-79ea-4c04-b4f4-ac99612a8e28
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery6984a3b0-79ea-4c04-b4f4-ac99612a8e28

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