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Validação e impacto de um programa de exercício físico no nível de atividade física, sensação de fadiga e qualidade de vida, em mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da mama
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O cancro da mama é a neoplasia maligna mais comum entre as mulheres em todo o mundo
tendo sido registados, em 2018, 2.088.849 novos casos. Neste mesmo ano, em Portugal, foram
diagnosticados 6.974 novos casos de cancro da mama. A diminuição do nível de atividade física
está associada aos efeitos secundários dos tratamentos, e pode afetar os níveis de fadiga e a
qualidade de vida durante e após tratamentos. Para além destes sintomas, os tratamentos
agressivos a que as pacientes são submetidas podem também provocar uma acentuada
diminuição da capacidade física, podendo promover uma diminuição das amplitudes
articulares, diminuição da força muscular; alterações posturais; perda da massa mineral óssea
e cardiomiopatias. Desta forma é essencial o desenvolvimento e validação de programas de
exercício físico específicos para esta população.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: i) Desenvolver, implementar e validar um programa
de exercício físico para mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da mama pós tratamento; ii)
Caracterizar a variação do nível de atividade física, da sensação de fadiga e da qualidade de
vida, antes e após intervenção, na população de mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da
mama;
Para a validação do programa de exercício direcionado para mulheres diagnosticadas com
cancro da mama, foram seguidas as Linha Orientadora Revista para Critérios de Reporte sobre
o Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de Intervenções Complexas em Saúde (CReDECI 2) por Möhler
et al. (2015), assim como as diretrizes do Consenso sobre Modelo de Reporte de Programas de
Exercício Físico (CERT) por Slade et al. (2016) para a descrição do programa. Para a recolha e
avaliação do nível de atividade física, a sensação de fadiga e a qualidade de vida foram usados
os questionários Global Physical activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), Checklist of Individual Strength
(CIS20-P) e Breast Cancer Module Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-BR-23) respetivamente. Após intervenção com um programa de exercício físico, verificaram-se melhorias significativas
na fadiga subjetiva, na escala de sintomas da qualidade de vida e no nível de atividade física de
lazer de intensidade moderada. Desta forma podemos concluir que um programa de exercício
físico de 12 semanas tem o potencial de melhorar a fadiga, a qualidade de vida e de aumentar
o nível de atividade física em mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da mama.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, with 2.088.849 new cases reported in 2018. In the same year, in Portugal, 6.974 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed. The decrease in the level of physical activity is associated with the side effects of treatments, and can affect fatigue levels and quality of life during and after treatments. In addition to these symptoms, aggressive treatments to which patients are subjected can also cause a marked decrease in physical capacity, which may promote a decrease in joint amplitudes, a decrease in muscle strength; postural changes; loss of bone mineral mass and cardiomyopathies. Thus, it is essential to develop and validate specific exercise programs for this population. The present work had as objectives: i) To develop, implement and validate a physical exercise program for women diagnosed with breast cancer after treatment; ii) To characterize the variation in the level of physical activity, the feeling of fatigue and the quality of life, before and after intervention, in the population of women diagnosed with breast cancer. To validate the exercise program directed at women diagnosed with breast cancer, the Revised Guidelines for Reporting Criteria on the Development and Evaluation of Complex Health Interventions (CReDECI 2) by Möhler et al. (2015), as well as the guidelines of the Consensus on the Reporting Model of Physical Exercise Programs (CERT) by Slade et al. (2016) for the program description. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), Checklist of Individual Strength (CIS20-P) and Breast Cancer Module Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-BR-23) were used to collect and assess the level of physical activity, the feeling of fatigue and the quality of life. respectively. After intervention with a physical exercise program, there were significant improvements in subjective fatigue, in the scale of symptoms of quality of life and in the level of leisure-time physical activity of moderate intensity. Thus, we can conclude that a 12-week exercise program has the potential to improve fatigue, quality of life and increase the level of physical activity in women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide, with 2.088.849 new cases reported in 2018. In the same year, in Portugal, 6.974 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed. The decrease in the level of physical activity is associated with the side effects of treatments, and can affect fatigue levels and quality of life during and after treatments. In addition to these symptoms, aggressive treatments to which patients are subjected can also cause a marked decrease in physical capacity, which may promote a decrease in joint amplitudes, a decrease in muscle strength; postural changes; loss of bone mineral mass and cardiomyopathies. Thus, it is essential to develop and validate specific exercise programs for this population. The present work had as objectives: i) To develop, implement and validate a physical exercise program for women diagnosed with breast cancer after treatment; ii) To characterize the variation in the level of physical activity, the feeling of fatigue and the quality of life, before and after intervention, in the population of women diagnosed with breast cancer. To validate the exercise program directed at women diagnosed with breast cancer, the Revised Guidelines for Reporting Criteria on the Development and Evaluation of Complex Health Interventions (CReDECI 2) by Möhler et al. (2015), as well as the guidelines of the Consensus on the Reporting Model of Physical Exercise Programs (CERT) by Slade et al. (2016) for the program description. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), Checklist of Individual Strength (CIS20-P) and Breast Cancer Module Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-BR-23) were used to collect and assess the level of physical activity, the feeling of fatigue and the quality of life. respectively. After intervention with a physical exercise program, there were significant improvements in subjective fatigue, in the scale of symptoms of quality of life and in the level of leisure-time physical activity of moderate intensity. Thus, we can conclude that a 12-week exercise program has the potential to improve fatigue, quality of life and increase the level of physical activity in women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Description
Dissertação conducente ao grau de Mestre em Atividade Física em Populações Especiais
Keywords
exercício físico cancro da mama nível de atividade física sensação de fadiga qualidade de vida physical exercise breast cancer physical activity level feeling of fatigue quality of life