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Influência da desfolha, em diferentes estados fenológicos, na maturação da casta Aragonez
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho é o resultado de um ensaio cujo objetivo foi analisar a influência da
desfolha, em diferentes estados fenológicos, na maturação da casta Aragonez. O ensaio
desenvolvido em agosto de 2021, foi realizado numa parcela de vinha situada na região
vitivinícola do Tejo, na propriedade da Quinta do Casal Branco, onde se encontra
implementada uma vinha com 20 anos da casta Aragonez, inserida num terroir de charneca.
Na parcela foram definidos quatro blocos, cada um deles com três modalidades de ensaio:
desfolha à floração (DF), desfolha ao pintor (DP) e sem desfolha (SD). Nas modalidades
desfolhadas, foram removidas seis a oito folhas basais dos sarmentos (até ao segundo arame).
A recolha de amostras para controlo de maturação teve início quatro semanas após o pintor
e foi realizada com uma periodicidade semanal até à data da colheita. Foi feita a contagem
dos bagos por cacho, registado o peso e diâmetro de cada bago de forma a perceber a sua
evolução em cada modalidade de ensaio. Foram realizadas análises de controlo de
maturação, onde se mediu para cada amostra o teor alcoólico provável, a massa volúmica, o
pH e a acidez total. Foram também realizadas análises para determinação do índice de
polifenóis totais, antocianinas e taninos, intensidade e tonalidade da cor.
A desfolha resultou numa redução significativa da área foliar, verificando-se diferenças na
resposta da videira em função de cada modalidade de ensaio. Nas videiras com desfolha à
floração, verificou-se uma melhor capacidade de resposta, ou seja, a planta adaptou-se à
redução de área foliar desenvolvendo mecanismos que levaram ao desavinho, ficando assim
com um menor número de bagos para desenvolver. Observou-se ainda a capacidade das
videiras de repor a área foliar, de forma a garantir um bom desenvolvimento dos bagos no
período de maturação. Nas videiras com desfolha ao pintor, não se verificou a mesma
capacidade de resposta, não houve desavinho e a reposição de área foliar não se verificou
com a mesma intensidade. Com base nos dados recolhidos, foi possível encontrar algumas
diferenças entre as três modalidades de ensaio, verificando-se os maiores ganhos qualitativos
nas amostras provenientes das videiras com desfolha à floração.
The present work is the result of an essay whose objective was to analyze the influence of leaf remove, in different phenological states, on the maturation of the Aragonez grape variety.The trial developed in August 2021, was carried out in an agricultural plot located in the wine region of Tejo, on the property of Quinta do Casal Branco, where is implemented a vineyard with 20 years of aragonez variety, inserted in a terroir of heathland. In the study, four blocks were defined, each with three test modalities: defoliation to flowering (DF), defoliation to the painter (DP) and without defoliation (SD). In the defoliated modalities, both in flowering and in the painter, six to eight basal leaves of the sarments were removed (up to the second wire). The collection of samples for maturation control began four weeks after the painter and was carried out once a week until the date of harvest. Several measurements and analyses were performed at the collected grapes. The berries were counting per bunch, recording the weight and diameter of each berry in order to perceive its evolution in each test modality. Maturation control analyses were performed, where the probable alcohol content, volume mass, pH and total acidity were measured for each sample. Analyses were also performed to determine the index of total polyphenols, anthocyanins and tannins, intensity and color tone. The leaf remove resulted in a significant reduction of the leaf area, with differences in the response of the vine according to each test modality. In the vines with defoliation to flowering, there was a better capacity to respond to the intervention to which they were subjected, the plant adapted to the reduction of leaf area developing mechanisms that led to less number of berries to develop. It was also observed the ability of the vines to re-replant the leaf area, in order to ensure a good development of the berries in the maturation period. On the vines with defoliation to the painter, there was a diferent response capacity, there was no loss of berries and leaf area replacement was not verified with the same intensity. Based on the data collected, it was possible to find some differences between the three test modalities, verifying the highest qualitative gains in the samples collected where the defoliation was made at flowering. vine, leaf remove, maturation, Aragonez
The present work is the result of an essay whose objective was to analyze the influence of leaf remove, in different phenological states, on the maturation of the Aragonez grape variety.The trial developed in August 2021, was carried out in an agricultural plot located in the wine region of Tejo, on the property of Quinta do Casal Branco, where is implemented a vineyard with 20 years of aragonez variety, inserted in a terroir of heathland. In the study, four blocks were defined, each with three test modalities: defoliation to flowering (DF), defoliation to the painter (DP) and without defoliation (SD). In the defoliated modalities, both in flowering and in the painter, six to eight basal leaves of the sarments were removed (up to the second wire). The collection of samples for maturation control began four weeks after the painter and was carried out once a week until the date of harvest. Several measurements and analyses were performed at the collected grapes. The berries were counting per bunch, recording the weight and diameter of each berry in order to perceive its evolution in each test modality. Maturation control analyses were performed, where the probable alcohol content, volume mass, pH and total acidity were measured for each sample. Analyses were also performed to determine the index of total polyphenols, anthocyanins and tannins, intensity and color tone. The leaf remove resulted in a significant reduction of the leaf area, with differences in the response of the vine according to each test modality. In the vines with defoliation to flowering, there was a better capacity to respond to the intervention to which they were subjected, the plant adapted to the reduction of leaf area developing mechanisms that led to less number of berries to develop. It was also observed the ability of the vines to re-replant the leaf area, in order to ensure a good development of the berries in the maturation period. On the vines with defoliation to the painter, there was a diferent response capacity, there was no loss of berries and leaf area replacement was not verified with the same intensity. Based on the data collected, it was possible to find some differences between the three test modalities, verifying the highest qualitative gains in the samples collected where the defoliation was made at flowering. vine, leaf remove, maturation, Aragonez
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado na área da Engenharia Agronómica, apresentada na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém
Keywords
Vitis vinifera videira Aragonez fenologia desfolha maturação grapevines phenology defoliation maturation
Citation
Vieira, Joana dos Santos (2021)Influência da desfolha, em diferentes estados fenológicos, na maturação da casta Aragonez. Dissertação de Mestrado na área da Engenharia Agronómica, apresentada na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém