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  • Mental health of nursing students at the Polytechnic Institute of Santarem during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Publication . Figueiredo, Maria do Carmo (preferencial); Rosa, Marta; Silva, Mário; Gonzaga, Luis; Matos, Rui; Amendoeira, José
    Introduction: The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) was considered a public health emergency of international concern, which revealed a significant challenge for mental health, because of its impact, in this 21st century. The context of the coronavirus in higher education has caused disturbing consequences in the lives of students. The pandemic reduced social mobility and, consequently, social interactions in periods of confinement, leading to stressful situations, with feelings of anxiety and depression, anguish, and sleep problems. Objectives: To evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression and stress of nursing students and their relationship with sociodemographic characteristics, from the Instituto Polytechnic of Santarem, aged between 18 and 55 years. Methodology: Quantitative, correlational, descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants: 183 students, selected by convenience sampling (boys = 19.1% and girls = 80.9%), meeting some criteria: being of Portuguese nationality; being 18 years of age or older; attending the 2nd, 3rd or 4th year of the degree course; agree to participate in the study by signing the informed consent online. Measurement instrument: Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale - DASS-21 in the Portuguese version EADS, by Pais-Ribeiro et al., (2004), composed of three subscales, consisting of seven items evaluated by a four-point Likert scale, that reflect the severity and frequency of the feelings experienced. The survey was conducted between November 19 and December 4, 2020, via Microsoft Forms, using a link on the school's page, anonymity being guaranteed. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Research Unit of IPSantarem (112020Saúde), The collected data were analysed with IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Software, Version 27.0. Results and discussion: The instrument showed strong internal consistency in the subscales, with high Cronbach's alpha coefficients: anxiety (α = 0.877); depression (α = 0.921) and stress (α = 0.920). Proceeding with the Pearson's correlation coefficient calculation, strong, positive, and significant correlations were found (p<0.001). According to the DASS-21 scoring instructions, the results showed that most participants had a normal level of depression (82.5%), anxiety (88.0%) and stress (94.0%). About 1.6% of the participants reported a moderate level of stress; 5.5% and 1.6% a moderate and severe level, respectively, of anxiety and 6% and 0.5% depression a moderate and severe level, respectively. These data are like those presented by Son et al., (2020), as 138 (71%) showed stress and anxiety due to COVID-19. Sun et al (2020) revealed that students had significant depressive feelings (56.9%). Another study by Chaudhary et al., (2021) showed that 68.8% had a high fear of COVID-19; 28.7% had moderate to severe depression and 51.5% had mild to severe anxiety. Significant differences were found between means (student's t-test) in the comparison between gender (p < 0.001), with the highest scores, in the three dimensions, in girls who present more stress (M = 7.59 + 4.728), depression (M =5.83 + 4.503) and anxiety (M =3.87 + 3.869), that is, the affective states of these students were more negative. No differences were found as a function of age, marital status, year of course and district of residence. Conclusions: The results suggest that the Institute Polytechnic develop strategies to reduce vulnerability, promote emotional stability and influence the positive mental health of students, through awareness to dissipate inappropriate perceptions; psychosocial and other support through digital platforms; development of a mental health program that promotes positive coping measures in the face of similar situations. References Chaudhary, A., Sonar, N., Jamuna, T., Banerjee, M., & Yadav, S. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of college students in India: a cross-sectional web-based study. JMIR Medical Education,2(3), e28158, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.2196/28158 Pais-Ribeiro, J. L., Honrado, A., & Leal, I. (2004). Contribuição para o estudo da adaptação portuguesa das Escalas de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS) de 21 itens de Lovibond e Lovibond. Psicologia, Saúde & Doenças, 5(2), 229-239. http://www.scielo.mec.pt/pdf/ psd/v5n2/v5n2a07.pdf Son, C., Hegde, S., Smith, A., Wang, X., Sasangohar, F. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on college students' mental health in the United States: An interview survey study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e21279, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.2196/21279 Sun, Y., Lin, S., Chung, K. (2020). University Students’ Perceived Peer Support and Experienced Depressive Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Emotional Well-Being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9308, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249308. Teixeira, S., Ferré-Grau, C., Sequeira, C., Pires, R., Carvalho, J., Ribeiro, I., Sequeira, C., Rodrigues, Sampaio, F., Costa, T., & Canut, M. (2022). Positive Mental Health in University Students and its Relations with Psychological Vulnerability, Mental Health Literacy, and Sociodemographic Characteristics: A Descriptive Correlational Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19 (6), 3185 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063185
    2022-10-28Other Open access Show more
  • Comparison between olympic weightlifting exercises and derivatives for fatigue impact quantification
    Publication . Antunes, Joaquim Paulo Gonçalves; Brito, João; Oliveira, Rafael
    A gestão da carga de treino é um aspeto de extrema importância na gestão de fadiga e indução de adaptações em quase todas as modalidades, sendo que no halterofilismo são conhecidas algumas das variáveis de carga, nomeadamente a intensidade e volume. No entanto a tipologia do exercício permanece uma incógnita em termos concretos porque o empirismo nos diz que alguns exercícios induzem maior fadiga que outros, contudo não é conhecido em concreto a razão dessa quantificação. Dessa forma, este trabalho quantificou a fadiga induzida por vários tipos de exercícios de halterofilismo através de um desenho experimental, onde foi induzida fadiga em indivíduos adultos atletas de halterofilismo com experiencia mínima de 2 anos, através da execução de um conjunto de 10 dos exercícios mais utilizados em halterofilismo, em que foi equalizada a intensidade e volume entre eles (4 séries de 3 repetições), após os quais foi efetuado um teste de Snatch Pull e avaliada a variação da velocidademédia e máxima, amplitude de movimento e potência média como medida de fadiga, pré e pós execução do protocolo de cada exercício, através do transdutor linear marca Vitruve (Vitruve encoder; Madrid, Spain). Participaram nove mulheres e doze homens (respetivamente, idade, 29,67±5,74 anos e 28,17±5,06 anos; estatura, 158,78±6,70 cm e 174,50±6,07 cm; massa corporal, 60,84±7,34 kg e 79,46±5,32 kg; %massa gorda, 17,76±7,63 % e 16,98±5,14 %). Relativamente a amostra total, foram encontradas diferenças significativas na amplitude de movimento dos exercícios de Snatch Pull, Snatch e Back Squat (respetivamente, p<0,001 e Effect Size (ES)=0,986; p=0,003 e ES=0,731; p=0,021 e ES=0,547) e na amplitude de movimento de Clean and Jerk (C&J) (p=0,015 e ES=0,582), na potência média, foram encontradas diferenças significativas no Power Snatch, Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat e no C&J (respetivamente, p=0,043 e ES=0,472; p=0,048 e ES=0,460; p=0,003 e ES=0,729; p=0,009 e ES=0,636; p=0,037 e ES=0,488), na velocidade máxima foram encontradas diferenças significativas no Power Snatch, Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,008 e ES=0,638; p<0,001 e ES=0,998; p<0,001 e ES=0,906 ; p<0,001 e ES=0,906), na velocidade média, foram encontradas diferenças significativas no Snatch Pull e no Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,030 e ES=0,509; p=0,003 e ES=0,727), quando analisados os géneros separadamente, no grupo feminino, encontramos diferenças significativas na amplitude de movimento do Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,006 e ES=1,218; p=0,001 e ES=1,776; p=0,002 e ES=1,474), na variável potência média, foram encontradas diferenças significativas no Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,006 e ES=1,227; p=0,002 e ES=1,512; p=0,001 e ES=1,679), na velocidade máxima revelaram-se diferenças significativas no Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,002 e ES=1,469; p=0,005 e ES=1,258; p<0,001 e ES=2,058), relativamente a variável velocidade média este grupo mostrou diferenças significativas no Snatch, Snatch Pull e Back Squat (respetivamente, p=0,006 e ES=1,228; p=0,003 e ES=1,372; p=0,001 e ES=1,660), no grupo masculino, encontramos diferenças no ROM do Snatch Pull, C&J e Clean (respetivamente, p=0,042 e ES=0,663; p=0,004 e ES=1,033; p=0,020 e ES=0,786), foram apenas encontradas diferenças significativas na potência média no C&J (p=0,009 e ES=0,910), na velocidade máxima o grupo revelou diferenças significativas no Power Snatch, Snatch e Snatch Pull (respetivamente, p=0,009 e ES=0,910; p=0,025 e ES=0,745; p=0,039 e ES=0,675), a velocidade média apresentou diferenças significativas apenas no C&J (p=0,011 e ES=0,876). Concluiu-se que existem diferenças na indução de fadiga entre a maioria dos exercícios analisados e que o género feminino parece ser mais resistente à fadiga que o género masculino, relativamente aos exercícios derivados do C&J. No entanto nos exercícios derivados do Snatch o inverso parece acontecer na maioria das variáveis, exceto na velocidade máxima, em que ambos os géneros apresentam fadiga similar nos exercícios analisados.
    2022-10-28Master thesis Open access Show more