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- Disentangling the effects of ego and task-involving climate perceptions on cohesion in youth sportPublication . Borrego, Carla Chicau; Monteiro, Diogo; Benson, Alex J.; Miguel, Mauro; Teixeira, Eduardo; Silva, Carlos Manuel MarquesThe present study evaluated how the combination of ego- and task-involving climate perceptions related to youth soccer athletes’ perceptions of team cohesion. We hypothesized that athletes would perceive their group to be less cohesive as ego climate perceptions increased in salience relative to task climate perceptions. In addition, the factor structure and longitudinal measurement invariance of Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire (YSEQ)—Portuguese version was also analyzed. A total of 956 national level youth male soccer athletes’ belonging to 49 different teams participated in the study. Using a prospective design with two time points, the polynomial regression with a response surface analysis indicated that the effect of an ego-involving climate on task cohesion varied as a function of task-involving climate perceptions. Specifically, athletes reported lower levels of task cohesion as ego-involving climate perceptions began to predominate over task-involving climate perceptions. Furthermore, a strong taskinvolving climate buffered against the negative effects of ego-involving climate perceptions on task cohesion. Regarding social cohesion, we only observed a positive linear association between task-involving climate perceptions and social cohesion. Our findings support the validity and reliability of two factors underlying the YSEQ and its longitudinal invariance across time in an elite youth sample. Future studies should strive to replicate these results in other sports and with female athletes. Our results provide insight into how task-involving and ego-involving climate perceptions combine to shape how elite youth athletes view their group environment.
- Análise empírica da volatilidade das estruturas de capital das empresas cotadas no BrasilPublication . Reis, Fernando Ramos dos; Lourenço, António MorãoA Estrutura de capital tem estudos consistentes desde 1952, ainda assim é importante a sua análise (Graham et al, 2015). A volatilidade das estruturas de capital é recente, e questiona-se a teoria Static trade-off (DeAngelo & Roll, 2015). Esta foi a ideia base da dissertação e não somente o estudo dos determinantes entre empresas. O objetivo é responder se as empresas brasileiras são instáveis quanto a estrutura de capital, e posteriormente, identificar o impacto da volatilidade das estruturas de capital, na rendibilidade, dimensão, setor de atividade, crescimento e natureza dos ativos. As hipóteses da investigação foram testadas numa base de dados com 5172 observações contabilísticas, financeiras e de mercado de 625 empresas não financeiras, entre os anos de 2003 a 2016 cotadas na B3. Realizaram-se testes através de dados em painel com modelos dinâmicos e estáticos. Os resultados evidenciam que as estruturas de capital das empresas brasileiras são voláteis, e que houve rendibilidade nas empresas, mesmo com o aumento de dívida.