Browsing by Author "Torres, Diana"
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- Learning the figure 8 knot and social materiality in 7 to 9 years-old childrenPublication . Torres, Diana; Catela, David; Rosa, Paulo; Serrão-Arrais, AnaThe execution of knots requires specific mental processes (Cross et al., 2017). Their learning can occur in isolation (S) or in the context of social materiality (SM), with functional and cultural association (Scanlon, 2016). The aim of the study is to verify if cultural contextualization favors knot learning.The sample consists of 16 children (8.37±0.72 years old, ♀= 7), without knowledge of the figure eight-knot (Cross et al., 2012), and each group (S and SM) comes from distinct schools. Informed consent was obtained. Acquisition (A) test was made through video from the own perspective (Garland & Sanchez, 2013), with the possibility, by request, of intercalated visualizations (Jackson, 2016), until 3 consecutive successes were achieved. The following week, the Retention test (R) was performed, in which the knot was requested without viewing the video, and the Transfer test (T), to tie a new knot. All collections were performed individually without the presence of other children in the room.In A, more views (V) and more total time (TT) in the SM group may result from higher involvement constraints (social materiality); however, between A and R, these constraints provided this group with a significant reduction in the number of attempts and TT; and, between A and T, the number of V. For S group, in T, the inverse associations of age with the TT and with the number of attempts (contrasting significant direct associations of the attempts in A and V in the T, and the trials in R and T, in the SM group), reveal a greater dependence on intrinsic constraints (age). Altogether, the results partially support the hypothesis of social materiality positive constraints in learning eight-knot, for this sample between 7 and 9 years of age.
- Neuromuscular assessment of a stand-up paddle strokePublication . Freitas, João; Conceição, Ana; Šťastný, Jan; Louro, Hugo; Leitão, Luís; Torres, Diana; Marinho, Daniel A.; Neiva, Henrique P.his study analyzed muscle activity during the stand-up paddle stroke, considering the paddling side and the adjacent and opposing muscles relative to the position of the arms during paddling. Methods: Fourteen male paddleboarders performed three trials covering 195 m in which surface electromyography of the upper trapezius, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius medialis were recorded (four-cycle strokes on each side). The data were processed according to percentage of maximum voluntary contraction (% MVC). The MVC activation values (µV) for each muscle were then calculated and presented as percentage MVC (% MVC). Results: The recovery phase accounted for 60% of the paddle cycle, while the pull phase represented 39%. During right-side paddling, higher % MVC was found in the opposite-side upper trapezius (24.35%, p < 0.01) during the pulling phase and in the adjacent biceps brachii (8.36%, p < 0.03) during the recovery phase. In left-side paddling, greater % MVC was found in the opposite-side upper trapezius (27.60%, p < 0.01) during the pulling phase and in the opposite-side triceps brachii (42.25%, p < 0.04) during the recovery phase. Furthermore, the pulling phase exhibited higher MVC in the opposite-side upper trapezius compared to the recovery phase, both in the right-side (24.35%, p < 0.03) and left-side (27.60%, p < 0.01) paddling. Conclusions: these findings help establish the muscular activity of both sides of the paddling technique and the differences between the upper and lower limbs.
- Perceção de fatores de risco e incidência de lesões em atividades de Via Ferrata: revisão narrativaPublication . Torres, Diana; Fernandes, Renato; Oliveira, Rafael; Brito, JoãoA via ferrata é uma forma de escalar, tendo como objetivo a ascensão ou travessia feita de forma segura com recurso a equipamentos artificiais fixados nas rochas permanentemente, dispostos de maneira quase contínua ao longo do trajeto. O objetivo desta revisão visa reunir os estudos com maior pertinência realizados até ao momento na área das vias ferratas que abordem o conhecimento do risco e a perceção dos fatores por parte dos praticantes, como também, a ocorrência de acidentes que originam lesões e os seus possíveis mecanismos. O desenho metodológico utilizado na revisão foi de acordo com o método Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA). A pesquisa foi realizada a partir das palavras-chave ‘’via ferrata’’, “climbing”, ‘’injury’’ e “risk factors” na plataforma da B-On, tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão para elegibilidade. Na revisão, destaca-se 2 artigos que abordam os modelos de absorção e os protocolos de teste para verificação dos dissipadores; 2 artigos que investigam a partir de questionários o conhecimento do risco na relação com a performance, como também, os comportamentos de risco durante as atividades; 1 artigo que relata a ocorrência de acidentes e/ou emergências médicas, com e sem ocorrência de lesões e os mecanismos que proporcionaram o acontecimento. As atividades de via ferrata estão em crescimento e consequentemente, torna-se evidente a necessidade de investigar esta nova forma de escalar. Contudo, continua a ser uma temática difícil de abordar, visto que os registos desta atividade recreativa e autónoma, ainda não são devidamente controlados por uma entidade.