Browsing by Author "Elias, M."
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- Effects of high pressure processing on the physical properties of fish ham prepared with farmed meagre (Argyrosomus regius) with reduced use of microbial transglutaminasePublication . Ribeiro, Ana Teresa; Elias, M.; Teixeira, B.; Pires, C.; Duarte, R.Marketing issues of small-sized meagre can be overcome with the development of fish hams. This study aimed to test high pressure processing (HPP) to promote gelation of meagre hams, as an alternative to the heat processing. It was also aimed to reduce microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) from the formulation of HPP hams. Meagre hams were subjected to HPP varying different pressure parameters. The water holding capacity (WHC) and folding properties of hams were not affected by HPP, compared with heat processed hams. Whiteness was lower in HPP hams, and values increased with pressure level. The best results were obtained at 350 and 500 MPa at 30 °C, which also enhanced the textural properties of hams. Meagre hams prepared with different contents of MTGase (0–5.0 g/kg) were subjected to HPP. This enzyme did not affect the WHC and the folding properties of hams within each condition tested. HPP hams can be prepared with lower levels of MTGase (2.5 g/kg), without compromising the textural properties of hams. The results showed that it is possible to produce meagre hams with good textural properties and to reduce the MTGase content using HPP, validating the use of this technology as an alternative to the heat-induced gelation.
- Staphylococcus spp. and Lactobacillus sakei Starters with High Level of Inoculation and an Extended Fermentation Step Improve Safety of Fermented SausagesPublication . Dias, Igor; Laranjo, M.; Potes, M. E.; Agulheiro-Santos, A.C.; Ricardo Rodrigues, S.; Fraqueza, M.J.; Oliveira, Margarida; Elias, M.Paio do Alentejo (PA) is one of the most popular dry-fermented sausages in Portugal. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effect of a high concentration of starter cultures with an extended fermentation step on the safety and quality of PA. Physicochemical parameters, microbiological parameters, biogenic amines, colour, texture profile, and sensory attributes were assessed. Five starters were selected based on our previous works. Staphylococcus equorum S2M7, Staphylococcus xylosus CECT7057, Lactobacillus sakei CV3C2, Lactobacillus sakei CECT7056, and a yeast strain (2RB4) were co-inoculated in meat batters at a concentration of 108 cfu/g for bacteria and 106 cfu/g for yeast strain, and 0.25% dextrose was added. Inoculated starters significantly reduced pH, Listeria monocytogenes counts, and total content in biogenic amines. The studied starter cultures did not compromise the sensory characteristics of PA, and thus, their use can be considered to protect these sausages and contribute to their safety.