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Preferência e tolerância à intensidade do exercício no divertimento e na intenção em praticantes de exercício físico em contexto de ginásio
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Abstract(s)
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o papel mediador das necessidades
psicológicas básicas e divertimento na relação entre a preferência e tolerância à
intensidade do exercício e a intenção de continuar na prática em praticantes de
exercício.
Este estudo transversal analisou 133 participantes, sendo 44 do sexo masculino e
89 do sexo feminino, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos de
idades (M=34.48; DP=11.45) de vários ginásios e health clubs, à, pelo menos, 6
meses. A bateria de avaliação incluiu quatro instrumentos para avaliar a preferência
e tolerância à intensidade de exercício, necessidades psicológicas básicas de
satisfação e frustração, divertimento e intenção de continuar a praticar exercício.
O modelo de mediação foi analisado no software SPSS v.27 a partir do plug in
PROCESS Macro 3.5.
Do ponto de vista descritivo, os resultados indicaram valores médios elevados em
todas as variáveis em estudo, exceto na frustração das necessidades psicológicas
básicas. O padrão de correlação evidenciou ser significativo entre todas as
variáveis, exceto entre a tolerância e a satisfação das necessidades psicológicas
básicas e a intenção de continuar a praticar exercício.
Na análise de mediação verificou-se que existe um efeito total significativo do
modelo (β = .07, [.004, .130]), mas que não se manifesta através dos efeitos diretos
(β = .033, [-.023, .089]) ou efeito total indireto (β = .033, [-.001, .069]). No modelo
testado verificou-se que os caminhos indiretos da preferência > satisfação das NPB
(β = .028 [.002, .053]), preferência > frustração das NPB (β = -.039 [-.070, -.007]),
satisfação das NPB > divertimento (β = 1.040 [.638, .1.442]), e divertimento >
intenção (β = .57 [.333, .800]) foram todos significativos.
Em suma, quando a intensidade está em consonância com a preferência individual,
as necessidades psicológicas básicas são satisfeitas, e existe uma resposta afetiva
positiva associada, o divertimento. Se existe divertimento, então poderá existir maior
intenção de permanecer na prática e poderá haver um compromisso com o
exercício a longo prazo.
The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating role of basic psychological needs and enjoyment in the relationship between preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity and the intention to continue exercising, in exercise practitioners. This cross-sectional study analyzed 133 participants, 44 males and 89 females, aged between 18 and 65 years old (M=34.48; SD=11.45) from various gyms and health clubs, at least, 6 months. The assessment battery included four instruments to assess exercise intensity preference and tolerance, basic psychological needs for satisfaction and frustration, enjoyment, and intention to continue exercising. The mediation model was analyzed using SPSS v.27 software using the PROCESS Macro 3.5 plug-in. From a descriptive point of view, the results indicated high mean values in all variables under study, except for the frustration of basic psychological needs. The correlation pattern proved to be significant among all variables, except between tolerance and satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the intention to continue exercising. In the mediation analysis, it was verified that there is a significant total effect of the model (β = .07, [.004, .130]), but that it is not manifested through the direct effects (β = .033, [-.023, .089]) or total indirect effect (β = .033, [-.001, .069]). In the model tested, it was found that the indirect paths of preference > NPB satisfaction (β = .028 [.002, .053]), preference > NPB frustration (β = -.039 [-.070, -.007]), NPB satisfaction > enjoyment (β = 1,040 [.638,.1,442]), and enjoyment > intention (β = .57 [.333, .800]) were all significant. In short, when intensity is in line with individual preference, basic psychological needs are satisfied, and there is an affective positive response associated, the enjoyment. If there is enjoyment, then there may be more intention to continue in the practice and there may be a long-term commitment to the exercise.
The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating role of basic psychological needs and enjoyment in the relationship between preference for and tolerance of exercise intensity and the intention to continue exercising, in exercise practitioners. This cross-sectional study analyzed 133 participants, 44 males and 89 females, aged between 18 and 65 years old (M=34.48; SD=11.45) from various gyms and health clubs, at least, 6 months. The assessment battery included four instruments to assess exercise intensity preference and tolerance, basic psychological needs for satisfaction and frustration, enjoyment, and intention to continue exercising. The mediation model was analyzed using SPSS v.27 software using the PROCESS Macro 3.5 plug-in. From a descriptive point of view, the results indicated high mean values in all variables under study, except for the frustration of basic psychological needs. The correlation pattern proved to be significant among all variables, except between tolerance and satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the intention to continue exercising. In the mediation analysis, it was verified that there is a significant total effect of the model (β = .07, [.004, .130]), but that it is not manifested through the direct effects (β = .033, [-.023, .089]) or total indirect effect (β = .033, [-.001, .069]). In the model tested, it was found that the indirect paths of preference > NPB satisfaction (β = .028 [.002, .053]), preference > NPB frustration (β = -.039 [-.070, -.007]), NPB satisfaction > enjoyment (β = 1,040 [.638,.1,442]), and enjoyment > intention (β = .57 [.333, .800]) were all significant. In short, when intensity is in line with individual preference, basic psychological needs are satisfied, and there is an affective positive response associated, the enjoyment. If there is enjoyment, then there may be more intention to continue in the practice and there may be a long-term commitment to the exercise.
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Keywords
preferência tolerância intensidade exercício necessidades psicológicas básicas divertimento intenção preference tolerance intensity exercise basic psychological needs enjoyment intention