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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Capoeira requer o desenvolvimento de capacidades coordenativas, como o equilíbrio,
a orientação espacial e o ritmo (em sincronização com estruturas rítmicas instrumentais e
de canto), e de vários modos de locomoção, expressos em técnicas corporais específicas
e comportamentos técnicos e táticos simulando a luta, também específicos desta prática
corporal.
Com este estudo pretendemos identificar os fundamentos básicos de Capoeira e testar a
sua sistematização nas primeiras etapas de Iniciação na Capoeira. Este objetivo afigurase
pertinente para a 2.ª infância, pois é este um período crítico de desenvolvimento de
habilidades motoras e de capacidades coordenativas, bem como de estruturação de modos
de interação social. Pretendemos também criar um primeiro documento orientador, para
que agentes de ensino de Capoeira possam estruturar e sustentar a progressão de
aprendizagem das técnicas, táticas e regras de prática de interação entre capoeiristas
executantes e instrumentistas, de crianças principiantes, no respeito dos valores históricos
e culturais identitários da Capoeira.
O estudo compõe-se de dois processos sequenciais: 1) definição do programa de formação
na Capoeira, sustentado na revisão bibliográfica da história, da cultura e de documentação
técnica e empírica; 2) teste do programa numa amostra de principiantes de Capoeira. A
amostra compôs-se 15 crianças com idades entre os 5 e os 10 anos, 7 do género feminino,
8 do género masculino, a média das idades é 8 (±1,20), principiantes na Capoeira e
oriundas de um clube desportivo e de um bairro social, da área da grande Lisboa. Para a
primeira fase do projeto recorreu-se ao método de revisão analítica; para a segunda fase
usou-se um desenho experimental longitudinal (quase-experimental) pré e pós teste, em
que o/a participante é controlo de si próprio. A avaliação baseou-se em grelhas de
observação qualitativa nominal dicotómica e na comparação entre momentos.
Os resultados revelaram que não há diferença significativa entre idades, entre origens e
entre géneros, pelo que as técnicas escolhidas e programa, como foi implementado, a este
intervalo etário e para ambos os géneros. Quando comparada a prestação motora no início
e no fim da implementação do programa, há uma melhoria significativa da qualidade de
execução em todas as técnicas de Capoeira praticadas. Em crianças deste grupo etário,
inexperientes em Capoeira, trinta sessões com especialista, foram suficientes para uma
evolução significativa do domínio das técnicas de Capoeira selecionadas. A condição de
simulação de duelo levou a uma imediata sincronização entre as crianças de cada par;
fenómeno essencial para a evolução do jogo, caraterística do duelo da Capoeira. O
Programa como foi concebido e implementado propicia aprendizagem motora qualitativa
das técnicas selecionadas, em trinta sessões, com crianças inexperientes em Capoeira.
Desconhece-se se o programa pode ser implementado por não especialista em Capoeira,
em contexto escolar.
Capoeira requires the development of its coordinated guides, such as balance, reflection in rhythm and modes of locomotion, specific body shapes and coaches and tactics simulating a struggle. also serves this body order. This study intends to make the basic fundamentals of Capoeira and to test its systematization in the first stages of initiation in Capoeira. This object seems to be relevant to early childhood, as it is a critical period of development of motor skills and coordinating power, as well as a mode of interaction of social modes. We also intend to create a first guiding document so that capoeirista teaching practices are implemented and implemented in the techniques, practices and practices of exchange between capoeiristas and instrumentalists of beginner children, without respect for the historical and cultural identity values of Capoeira. The study is composed of two sequential processes: 1) definition of the training program in Capoeira, supported by the bibliographical review of history, culture and technical and empirical documentation; 2) test the program on a sample of Capoeira beginners. The sample consisted of 15 children aged 5 to 10 years, 7 of the female gender, 8 of the male gender, with an average age of 8 (± 1.20), beginners in Capoeira and coming from a sports club and a social district, in the Greater Lisbon area. For the first phase of the project we used the analytical review method; for the second phase a longitudinal, quasiexperimental, pre-test experimental design was used, in which the participant is selfcontrol. The evaluation was based on grids of nominal qualitative observation dichotomous and on the comparison between moments. The results revealed no significant difference between ages, between origins and between genders, so the techniques chosen and program, as implemented, at this age range and for both genders. When comparing motor performance at the beginning and end of program implementation, there is a significant improvement in the quality of execution in all Capoeira techniques practiced. In children of this age group, inexperienced in Capoeira, thirty sessions with specialist were sufficient for a significant evolution of the domain of selected Capoeira techniques. The duel simulation condition led to an immediate synchronization between the children of each pair; an essential phenomenon for the evolution of the game, characteristic of the Capoeira duel. The Program as conceived and implemented provides qualitative motor learning of the selected techniques, in thirty sessions, with inexperienced children in Capoeira. It is unknown whether the program can be implemented by non-specialist in Capoeira, in a school context.
Capoeira requires the development of its coordinated guides, such as balance, reflection in rhythm and modes of locomotion, specific body shapes and coaches and tactics simulating a struggle. also serves this body order. This study intends to make the basic fundamentals of Capoeira and to test its systematization in the first stages of initiation in Capoeira. This object seems to be relevant to early childhood, as it is a critical period of development of motor skills and coordinating power, as well as a mode of interaction of social modes. We also intend to create a first guiding document so that capoeirista teaching practices are implemented and implemented in the techniques, practices and practices of exchange between capoeiristas and instrumentalists of beginner children, without respect for the historical and cultural identity values of Capoeira. The study is composed of two sequential processes: 1) definition of the training program in Capoeira, supported by the bibliographical review of history, culture and technical and empirical documentation; 2) test the program on a sample of Capoeira beginners. The sample consisted of 15 children aged 5 to 10 years, 7 of the female gender, 8 of the male gender, with an average age of 8 (± 1.20), beginners in Capoeira and coming from a sports club and a social district, in the Greater Lisbon area. For the first phase of the project we used the analytical review method; for the second phase a longitudinal, quasiexperimental, pre-test experimental design was used, in which the participant is selfcontrol. The evaluation was based on grids of nominal qualitative observation dichotomous and on the comparison between moments. The results revealed no significant difference between ages, between origins and between genders, so the techniques chosen and program, as implemented, at this age range and for both genders. When comparing motor performance at the beginning and end of program implementation, there is a significant improvement in the quality of execution in all Capoeira techniques practiced. In children of this age group, inexperienced in Capoeira, thirty sessions with specialist were sufficient for a significant evolution of the domain of selected Capoeira techniques. The duel simulation condition led to an immediate synchronization between the children of each pair; an essential phenomenon for the evolution of the game, characteristic of the Capoeira duel. The Program as conceived and implemented provides qualitative motor learning of the selected techniques, in thirty sessions, with inexperienced children in Capoeira. It is unknown whether the program can be implemented by non-specialist in Capoeira, in a school context.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de mestre em Desporto - Atividades desportivas para crianças
Keywords
capoeira programa de iniciação crianças aprendizagem motora initiation program children motor learning