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Efeitos do exercício físico na funcionalidade motora em pessoas com hérnias discais lombares
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Abstract(s)
A coluna vertebral é crucial para sustentar o corpo e permitir movimentos. Para o seu bom funcionamento e segurança, é necessário que os músculos do tronco, especialmente os profundos, estejam bem coordenados e robustos. Esses músculos atuam no controlo da estabilidade intersegmentar, sendo responsáveis por garantir que cada segmento da coluna se mova de forma controlada e harmoniosa, evitando movimentos excessivos ou desalinhamentos que possam causar lesões. Quando não tratada corretamente, Hérnia Discal Lombar (HDL) pode causar fraqueza muscular, prejudicando a funcionalidade motora. Desta forma é essencial o desenvolvimento e validação de programas de exercício físico específicos para esta população.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: i) Desenvolver e validar um programa de exercício físico para portadores de hérnias discais lombares; ii) Avaliar o efeito do exercício físico na funcionalidade motora em pessoas com hérnias discais lombares.
Para a validação do programa de exercício direcionado para adultos com hérnias discais lombares, foram seguidas as Linha Orientadora Revista para Critérios de Reporte sobre o Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de Intervenções Complexas em Saúde (CReDECI 2) por Möhler et al., (2015), assim como as diretrizes do Consenso sobre Modelo de Reporte de Programas de Exercício Físico (CERT) por Slade et al., (2016) para a descrição do programa. Para a recolha e avaliação do nível de atividade física e a sensação de dor, foram realizados testes “Multisegmental rotation” (Hoogenboom et al., 2013) e o “30-second chair stand” (Rikli & Jones, 2013), onde se preencheu uma escala de dor (Comissão Nacional de Controlo da Dor, 2011). Após intervenção com um programa de exercício físico, verificaram-se melhorias significativas na funcionalidade motora e dor. Desta forma podemos concluir que um programa de exercício físico de oito semanas tem o potencial de melhorar a funcionalidade motora, a sensação de dor em adultos com HDL.
The spine is crucial for supporting the body and enabling movement. For this to function properly and safely, the trunk muscles, especially the deep ones, need to be well coordinated and strong. These muscles control intersegmental stability and are responsible for ensuring that each segment of the spine moves in a controlled and harmonious way, avoiding excessive movements or misalignments that could cause injury. When not treated correctly, this condition can cause muscle weakness and impaired motor functionality. Therefore, it is essential to develop and validate specific exercise programs for this population. This work had the following objectives: i) To develop and validate a physical exercise program for patients with lumbar disc herniations; ii) To evaluate physical exercise effect on motor functionality in individuals with lumbar disc herniations. For the validation of the exercise program focused on adults with lumbar disc herniations, the Revised Guidelines for Reporting Criteria on the Development and Evaluation of Complex Health Interventions were followed (CReDECI 2) by Möhler et al., (2015), as well as the guidelines of the Consensus on Reporting Model for Physical Exercise Programs (CERT) by Slade et al., (2016) for the description of the program. In order to collect and evaluate the level of physical activity and the sensation of pain, tests were carried out “Multisegmental rotation” (Hoogenboom et al., 2013) and “30-second chair stand” (Rikli & Jones, 2013), filled in a pain scale (Comissão Nacional de Controlo da Dor, 2011) and a pain questionnaire (Lopes et al., 2007) respectively. After intervention with a physical exercise program, there were significant improvements in motor functionality and pain. We can therefore conclude that an eight-week physical exercise program has the potential to improve motor functionality and pain sensation in adults with lumbar disc herniation.
The spine is crucial for supporting the body and enabling movement. For this to function properly and safely, the trunk muscles, especially the deep ones, need to be well coordinated and strong. These muscles control intersegmental stability and are responsible for ensuring that each segment of the spine moves in a controlled and harmonious way, avoiding excessive movements or misalignments that could cause injury. When not treated correctly, this condition can cause muscle weakness and impaired motor functionality. Therefore, it is essential to develop and validate specific exercise programs for this population. This work had the following objectives: i) To develop and validate a physical exercise program for patients with lumbar disc herniations; ii) To evaluate physical exercise effect on motor functionality in individuals with lumbar disc herniations. For the validation of the exercise program focused on adults with lumbar disc herniations, the Revised Guidelines for Reporting Criteria on the Development and Evaluation of Complex Health Interventions were followed (CReDECI 2) by Möhler et al., (2015), as well as the guidelines of the Consensus on Reporting Model for Physical Exercise Programs (CERT) by Slade et al., (2016) for the description of the program. In order to collect and evaluate the level of physical activity and the sensation of pain, tests were carried out “Multisegmental rotation” (Hoogenboom et al., 2013) and “30-second chair stand” (Rikli & Jones, 2013), filled in a pain scale (Comissão Nacional de Controlo da Dor, 2011) and a pain questionnaire (Lopes et al., 2007) respectively. After intervention with a physical exercise program, there were significant improvements in motor functionality and pain. We can therefore conclude that an eight-week physical exercise program has the potential to improve motor functionality and pain sensation in adults with lumbar disc herniation.
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Keywords
exercício físico hérnia discal lombar funcionalidade motora physical exercise lumbar disc herniation lumbar herniation disc motor functionality motor skills functionality