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Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League

dc.contributor.authorMatos, Rui
dc.contributor.authorMonteiro, Diogo
dc.contributor.authorAntunes, Raul
dc.contributor.authorMendes, Diogo
dc.contributor.authorBotas, João
dc.contributor.authorClemente, João
dc.contributor.authorAmaro, Nuno
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-15T21:17:22Z
dc.date.available2021-11-15T21:17:22Z
dc.date.issued2021-04-04
dc.description.abstractCovid-19 pandemic forced, at the final rounds of 2019–2020 season, in many different sports leagues worldwide, teams to play without an audience. Therefore, the present paper aims to compare the home advantage score in the last ten rounds in the 2019–2020 season with the first 24 rounds in the same season using Pollard’s (1986) and Matos et al.’s (2020) methods. In addition, comparisons across different seasons (2016–2017; 2017–2018; 2018–2019 and 2019–2020) using the same methods were also analyzed. Results showed no differences (p > 0.05) between first 24 rounds and the last 10 in 2019–2020 season as well as in the 3 previous seasons. With Pollard’s method, no differences (p > 0.05) were also found among those four seasons on global (all 34 rounds) home advantage. However, a significance difference between 2017–2018 and 2019–2020 (p < 0.05) was founded using Matos et al.’s (2020) method, which is an indicator of the importance of using complementary methods when analyzing the same realities. Overall, despite what might be expectable from recent findings, the lack of an audience in the last 10 rounds of Portuguese Football League 2019–2020 season, due to COVID-19 pandemic, did not affect home advantage. Therefore, future studies could try to analyze other different variables in Portuguese Football League, such as referees’ behaviors, rules changing (e.g., the possibility of making five substitutions, instead of three), crowd dimension and density as well as include variables about odds as forecasts in football being played without crowds.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationMatos, R.; Monteiro, D.; Antunes, R.; Mendes, D.; Botas, J.; Clemente, J.; Amaro, N. Home-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football League. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3761. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073761pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ijerph18073761pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1661-7827
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.15/3721
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherMDPIpt_PT
dc.relationThis research was funded by the FUNDAÇÃO PARA A CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA grant number UIDB/04748/2020. Institutional Review Board Spt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectHome advantagept_PT
dc.subjectAttendancept_PT
dc.subjectPandemicpt_PT
dc.subjectFootballpt_PT
dc.subjectPortuguese football leaguept_PT
dc.titleHome-Advantage during COVID-19: An Analysis in Portuguese Football Leaguept_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue7pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage3761pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Healthpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume18pt_PT
person.familyNameNeto e Matos
person.familyNameMonteiro
person.familyNameAntunes
person.familyNameMendes
person.familyNameAmaro
person.givenNameRui Manuel
person.givenNameDiogo
person.givenNameRaul
person.givenNameDiogo
person.givenNameNuno
person.identifierF-1202-2015
person.identifier1215237
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person.identifier.ciencia-idED1F-6228-E26F
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person.identifier.ciencia-idE319-6A71-D3DB
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-2034-0585
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-7179-6814
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5485-9430
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0331-166X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-8160-8007
person.identifier.ridA-1933-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55315503400
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56437945500
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57194044687
person.identifier.scopus-author-id57216385844
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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