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- Fine motricity in finger tapping test with children: variability analysis with lyapunov exponentePublication . Mercê, Cristiana; Catela, David; Brígida, Nancy; Rafael, D.; Olhos, B.; Gonçalves, M.; Branco, Marco A. C.Recent advancements in nonlinear methodologies have allowed deeper analysis of motor control during development. This study aimed to analyse the evolution of the fine motor skills in children aged 6 to 9 years old through the Lypaunov Exponent (LyE). It was asked to 60 children (M=8,141±1,064 years) to perform the finger taping test, 6 trials in each hand, starting with their preferred one. An inertial sensor was attached to the index finger to collect three-dimensional angular velocity. The LyE values were calculated per child, hand, and movement axis. The results highlighted a notable distinction between the 6- and 7-year-old and the 8- and 9-year-old, aligned with the different phases of motor development. The older ones presented higher variability, which can reflect their greater proficiency in this fine motor task, due to their extensive practice at school context. LyE analysis seems to be sensitive to changes that occur during different phases of motor development.
- Fine motricity in finger tapping test with children: incremental entropy analysisPublication . Brígida, Nancy; Catela, David; Mercê, Cristiana; Olhos, B.; Rafael, D.; Oliveira, J.; Gonçalves, M.; Rodrigues, N.; Branco, Marco A. C.During the development process, the nervous system is constantly changing (1). The application of non-linear measures such as entropy has allowed a deeper analysis of motor control (3). The Finger Tapping Test (FTT) is usually used to assess fine motor skills, and in this study we intend to use this test to analyze entropy levels and assess the development of fine motor control in children. Sixty children (M=8.141±1.064) participated in this study. Participants performed the FTT, 6 trials tapping with the index finger on a surface as fast as possible for ten seconds per trial. The test started with the preferred hand, followed by the non-preferred one. An inertial sensor was used to collect three-dimensional angular velocity. The entropy results indicated a change that occurs between the ages of 7 and 8 years old. It was observed that 6-years-old children, compared to other age groups, had lower entropy values, suggesting that they were more predictable when performing the FTT. The 8-years-old children seemed to have the highest entropy values, which might indicate that these children were less predictable (4). These findings suggest a transition to the third childhood, where significant changes occur in the nervous system during development. Entropy appears to be highly sensitive to these changes.
- Análise da motricidade fina através do teste de batidas do dedo com crianças dos 6 aos 9 anos de idadePublication . Rafael, D.; Catela, David; Olhos, B.; Oliveira, J.; Gonçalves, M.; Brígida, Nancy; Mercê, Cristiana; Branco, Marco A. C.A motricidade fina pode ser caracterizada como uma componente fundamental para a execução de diversas atividades importantes para a autonomia da criança, no seu dia-a-dia. O teste de batidas do dedo é usualmente utilizado para avaliar a motricidade fina ou destreza manual. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento e maturação da motricidade fina em crianças entre os 6 e os 9 anos. Foi aplicando o teste de batidas do dedo a 60 crianças (M=8,141±1,064), 6 tentativas durante 10 segundos. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um sensor inercial (MEMS) e posteriormente tratados em SPSS. Verificou-se que as crianças de 6 anos parecem já demonstrar uma capacidade de diferenciação entre mão preferida e não-preferida, e que existiu um aumento gradual no número de batidas de ano para ano, podendo significar uma mudança significativa no processo de desenvolvimento e maturação da motricidade fina. A aplicação do FTT em crianças poderá ser útil para avaliar o desenvolvimento e maturação da motricidade fina bem como a preferência manual das crianças.