Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019-09"
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- The implementation of the sustainable development goals at the national level:the case of the SDG Alliance PortugalPublication . Leal, Susana; Azeiteiro, U.M.; Seabra, Fernando Miguel Dos Santos HenriquesThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that should be nationally implemented. This implementation is based on the effective translation of sustainable development policies into concrete actions at the national level (and regional frameworks) (United Nations 2015). Portugal’s multilevel and multidimensional sustainability challenges (forestry, clean and efficient energy, and climate action, among others) impose a new agenda and require the redefinition of strategies (and missions) that implicate the local, regional and national engagement in meeting the SDGs, namely by promoting local and regional intervention (always with high societal relevance and sustainability purposes) to cope with the targets established in ‘Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’ (United Nations 2015). In Portugal, the United Nations Global Compact Network Portugal (UN-GCNP), with the support of the United Nations Global Compact (UNGP), found the SDG Alliance Portugal (http://globalcompact.pt/alianca-ods), a national multi-stakeholder platform, whose mission is to raise awareness, inform, implement, monitor, and assess the contribution of the business sector to SDG at the national level. It is as important to define goals and targets, as it is to create performance indicators to help in controlling and evaluating the SDGs (United Nations 2015). The research question that supports this chapter is: “How is the SDG Alliance Portugal engaging and increasing the contributions of the business sector and other civil society partners to turn into practice the SDGs actively?” Following this, the aims of the study are: (1) to describe the objectives, strategy, and practical initiatives of the SDG Alliance Portugal to contribute to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, (2) to describe the collaborative network and multi-stakeholder approach implemented to achieve the SDGs and targets. This research question and these goals will be addressed following the method of a single-case study (Yin 2003).
- A deambulação na evolução do primeiro estádio do trabalho de parto: Intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna Obstetrícia e GinecológicaPublication . Veloso, PaulaO mecanismo de trabalho de parto como é conhecido na atualidade, é um mecanismo fisiológico inacabado que tem a sua origem há centenas de milhões de anos. A par das alterações físicas a assistência ao trabalho de parto sofreu transformações ao longo dos tempos, condicionadoras do desfecho do nascimento. A deambulação durante o trabalho de parto apoia a fisiologia do nascimento e melhora a experiência do parto para a mulher pois, favorece a irrigação do útero, as contrações são mais eficazes, diminui o tempo do trabalho de parto, ajuda o feto a adaptarse à bacia materna e alivia a dor. Os Enfermeiros Especialistas em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna Obstétrica e Ginecológica devem colocar a mulher e família no centro das decisões, prestar cuidados centrados na mulher, recém-nascido e família e privilegiar a promoção da saúde. Para tal, é necessário compreender as intervenções que promovem o papel ativo da mulher durante o trabalho de parto e parto, nomeadamente no que concerne à deambulação. Para compreender esta intervenção recorreu-se à revisão sistemática da literatura através da metodologia PI[C]O, tendo sido formulada a questão de estudo: “Quais as Intervenções do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde materna e obstetrícia (I) junto da parturiente (P) no incentivo à deambulação para a evolução do 1º estádio do trabalho de parto (O)”? Através da análise da evidência obtida, verificou-se que a deambulação contribui para a evolução mais rápida do primeiro estádio do trabalho de parto e benefícios para a mãe e feto. No que concerne à contratilidade uterina esta é de maior amplitude e com repercussões no apagamento do colo, diminuição da duração do trabalho de parto, pela pressão do feto na pelve, diminuição da probabilidade de padrões anormais na frequência cardíaca fetal, alívio da dor da parturiente e aumento da liberdade de movimentos. The mechanism of labor as it is known today is an unfinished physiological mechanism that has its origins hundreds of millions of years ago. Alongside the physical changes, the assistance to labor has undergone changes over time, conditioning the outcome of birth. Ambulation during labor supports the physiology of birth and improves the experience of childbirth because it favors the uterus, contractions are more effective, decreases labor time, helps the fetus to adapt. to the maternal basin and relieves the pain. Specialist Nurses in Obstetric and Gynecological Maternal Health Nursing should place women and families at the center of decisions, provide women, newborn and familycentered care, and favor health promotion. To this end, it is necessary to understand the interventions that promote the active role of women during labor and delivery, particularly about ambulation. To understand this intervention, a systematic literature review was used through the PI [C] O methodology, and the study question was formulated: “What are the interventions of the nurse specialist in maternal and midwifery nursing (I) with the parturient ( Q) in encouraging ambulation for the evolution of the 1st stage of labor (O) ”? Through the analysis of the evidence obtained, it was found that ambulation contributes to the faster evolution of the first stage of labor and benefits to the mother and fetus. About uterine contractility, it is more extensive and has repercussions on cervical erasure, decreased duration of labor, pressure of the fetus in the pelvis, decreased likelihood of abnormal patterns in fetal heart rate, relief of parturient pain. and increased freedom of movement.
- Digital technologies and virtual learning environments - Active methodologies to promote digital educationPublication . Loureiro, AnaWe live in a networked digital society, in an era of sharing and collaboration, made possible by the exponential growth of the World Wide Web, in particular Web 2.0 and Social Web. Digital technologies have been revolutionizing and (re-) shaping society. Education, as a key area of knowledge, cannot be oblivious to these changes, remaining stuck in old habits and methods of teaching and learning. In order to be effective in today’s digital society, citizens must have functional and critical thinking skills related to information, media and technology. For UNESCO, empowering citizens through information and media literacy is an important prerequisite for promoting equitable access to information and knowledge and building inclusive knowledge societies. This empowering can begin within the family, but also, and fundamentally, in a school context. Therefore, it is important that the School is able to respond to this challenge. In this paper, we will discuss about the importance of collaborative learning and how digital technologies and virtual learning environments contribute towards a digital society.
- Mar de Lixo - Uma Experiência Social MultimédiaPublication . Maia E Carmo, TeresaThe article reports a pedagogical practice of deepening the skills of media literacy and media education through the production of a multimedia educational resource.
- CreativeLab_Sci&Math: open educational resources in teacher educationPublication . Linhares, Elisabete; Mestrinho, Nelson; Branco, Neusa Cristina Vicente; Santos, Raquel; Cavadas, Bento; Martins, Maria Clara; Correia, MarisaTo face the important challenges of today’s demanding and competitive digital society, multidisciplinary knowledge, new skills and competences are needed. These challenges necessarily imply the change of teaching practices and a strong commitment and support of teacher education throughout the innovation process. The CreativeLab_Sci&Math project was developed by teacher educators of the Department of Mathematic and Natural Sciences of the School of Education/Polytechnic Institute of Santarém and consists of involving future teachers in an innovative learning environment with a focus on integration of mathematics and science. In this project, inquiry and project-based learning interdisciplinary activities are carried out using digital technologies, which includes programming and robotics activities. The main goals of this project are to prepare teachers and future teachers to support innovation initiatives in schools, concerning mathematics and science. One way to achieve these goals involves producing Open Educational Resources and making them available on several online platforms, such as Casa das Ciências® and ERTE (Portuguese Ministry of Education). The produced resources have received national awards and resulted from the work developed by these educators in coteaching, their participation in European projects and their experience in mobility programs.
- Physical exercise and sedentary lifestyle: health consequences.Publication . Monteiro, Diogo; Machado, Sérgio; Moutão, João; Bento, Teresa; Vitorino, Anabela; Alves, Susana; Rodrigues, Filipe; Lima, João Maciel; Teixeira, Diogo Santos; Murillo-Rodriguez, Eric; Cid, LuisPerhaps the greatest barriers for achieving major advances in public health in the twenty-first century result from the paralysis of the pandemic paradigm or from the widespread inability to envision alternative or new models of thought. Human movement represents a complex behavior that is influenced by personal motivation, health and mobility problems, genetic factors, and social and physical environments in which people live. These factors influence the propensity to engage in sedentary behaviors or in physical activity. However, the biological, social, and environmental pathways leading to sedentary behavior versus physical activity may be different. In addition, the health effects associated with sedentary behavior and physical activity may be the result of different biological mechanisms. Thus, our objective was to discuss the importance of physical exercise on health-related outcomes and the consequences of sedentary lifestyles. Research on sedentary behavior has been growing;however, the evidence for its determinants is relatively sparse. More studies are needed to obtain more conclusive results because it is fundamental to understand these complex relationships related to the practice and the acquisition of active and healthy lifestyles as opposed to a sedentary lifestyle.
- How best to quantify home advantage in team sports: an investigation involving male senior handball leagues in Portugal and Spain. [La mejor manera de cuantificar la ventaja de jugar en casa en deportes de equipo: una investigación con ligas de Balonmano senior masculino en Portugal y España]Publication . Matos, Rui; Amaro, Nuno; Pollard, RichardHome advantage (HA), or the effect of match location, has been shown to play an important role in determining the result of a game. A method introduced over 30 years ago has enjoyed wide use. However, there is a possible problem with its interpretation. Although this can be overcome by rescaling the original value for HA, this paper introduces a somewhat different approach to quantifying HA, one that is derived by expressing home performance specifically as a function of away performance. The various methods are illustrated by analyzing HA for teams in the men’s professional handball leagues in Portugal and Spain for the 2016-17 season. Results show that the traditional and rescaled methods both ensure a maximum value of 100% for HA, while the new method can produce values well above 100%. Also, when HA is small, as in the case of goals scored and conceded, then values from the new method are about twice those from the rescaled method. However, when HA is larger, as in the case of most of the teams in the lower half of the Spanish league table, when based on points, the new method produces HA values which are much higher that the rescaled. This method provides a new dimension to consider when trying to quantify HA. It has the advantage of also being appropriate for the difference between goals scored and goals conceded. Choice of methodology will depend on the specific objective being sought when studying the effect of HA on performance
- É a estimulação transcraniana de corrente contínua anódica um potencial recurso ergogênico para força muscular e percepção de esforço? Uma revisão críticaPublication . Machado, Sérgio; Lima, João Lucas; Lana, W; Serrano, R; Santos, Y.G.; Peixoto, R; Marques-Neto, S.R; Maranhão-Neto, G.A; Teixeira, Diogo Santos; Monteiro, Diogo; Cid, LuisNas últimas décadas, vários estudos estão investigando a dose-resposta ideal em termos de frequência, intensidade e volume de treinamento para alcançar o aumento da força muscular, tanto em atletas quanto em não atletas. A dose-resposta é fundamental para a prescrição do treinamento, uma vez que sua manipulação equivocada pode acarretar alto risco de desenvolvimento de lesões por esforços repetitivos, bem como pelo não desenvolvimento da força esperada. Em indivíduos com nível avançado de treinamento de força, é extremamente importante aumentar sua intensidade e volume de treinamento. Nesse sentido, com os avanços encontrados na área de treinamento de força e a necessidade de novas estratégias para otimizar ganhos de força, um novo método vem ganhando força na literatura, a estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC). Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar criticamente os efeitos do ETCC como potencial recurso ergogênico para a realização de força muscular e percepção de esforço, bem como se seu uso é ético ou não. Para tanto, foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge e Scielo, apenas em inglês, e com as palavras-chave: força muscular, resistência muscular, estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua, ETCC. Nós comparamos o efeito do ETCC anódico (ETCC-a) com uma condição sham/controle nos resultados de ETCC para força muscular e percepção de esforço força muscular e percepção de esforço. Nenhum estudo menciona efeitos colaterais negativos da intervenção. Os dados mostram diferenças entre os estudos que investigam os estudos de avaliação da força muscular e resistência muscular, em termos do uso bem sucedido de ETCC. Estudos que investigaram a eficiência do ETCC na melhora da força muscular demonstraram efeitos positivos do ETCC-a em 66,7% dos parâmetros testados. Amaioria dos dados mostra consistentemente a influência do ETCC-a na força muscular, mas não no desempenho de resistência
- The effect of entrepreneurial ecosystems on entrepreneurship in Portugal:the difference between dreaming a startup and actually starting itPublication . Gaspar, FernandoEntrepreneurship’s importance has been frequently highlighted in the literature and five reasons have been mostly pointed out: it contributes to the creation of job, it contributes to innovation, it increases the creation of wealth, it contributes to the development of the economy and of the society and, finally, it constitutes a more and more important career option for a good part of the workforce (F.C. Gaspar, 2009). This work analyses the variation in start-up creation across the Portuguese NUT3 regions, using data available from two different sources. In the period 2014-2017, the birth of startups is measured through notary acts of new company creation and activity start is measured through the first submission of salaries lists to ministério do trabalho e solidariedade social (MTSS). This data is analyzed with other social and economic variables trying to determine environmental factors that help explain the large differences between the regions. Particular attention is focused on measuring the birth and the activity of the so called “entrepreneurial ecosystems”, as defined in the literature (Alvedalen & Boschma, 2017; Boutillier, Carré, & Levratto, 2016; Kuckertz, 2019). In face of the low levels of entrepreneurship that most Portuguese NUT3 regions show, recommendations are made for economic policies that may increase entrepreneurial activity. The results also show that the demand derived factors assume an enormous weight in the explanation of the differences between the districts, which must inspire eventual actions of the local entities. New policies are needed to further entrepreneurial activity in the interior regions and the islands.
- E-Business: área considerável de oportunidades de empreendedorismoPublication . Gaspar, FernandoNunca na história das escolas de negócios tivemos uma demanda tão grande de estudantes por uma educação empreendedora fato que tem obrigado aos seus gestores a uma guinada para atender vontade dos jovens em busca de capacitação para serem aptos a criarem seus próprios negócios. Uma educação na área dos negócios sem uma componente voltada ao empreendedorismo deixa uma enorme lacuna que com certeza será responsável pelo fracasso de muito negócios gerados. Sem a concepção, nascimento, e o crescimento de novos empreendimentos, é a morte dos negócios. Hoje se constata que uma força poderosa atualmente impele o mundo a um único ponto convergente, e essa força é a tecnologia. Ela proletarizou as telecomunicações, a Internet, transportes e viagens, tornando-os baratos e acessíveis, nos lugares mais isolados do mundo e às multidões. Subitamente, em nenhum lugar ninguém se acha isolado das fascinantes atrações da modernidade. Um dos objetivos desta pesquisa é estudar que ainda existem importantes áreas de oportunidade a serem abordadas no setor de comércio eletrônico, que o empreendedorismo pode ajudar a resolver.