Loading...
Publication
Efeitos de um programa de exercício físico na coordenação motora grossa e fina em idosos destreinados
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.95 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Europa Ocidental está entre as mais afetadas por lesões relacionadas a
quedas e taxas de mortalidade em idosos (Haagsma et al., 2020). As quedas nos idosos
são atualmente um problema de saúde pública que para além dos custos financeiros
associados tornam os idosos muitas vezes dependentes de outrem e por sua vez levam
a um maior número de institucionalizações. O processo de envelhecimento conduz a
um declínio da aptidão funcional que contribui para o aumento da prevalência de quedas
na população idosa e a deterioração da marcha é em grande parte acompanhada pela
diminuição da massa muscular (Clemson et al., 2019) e perda ou lentidão de algumas
funções cognitivas (Oliveira et al., 2018).
A presente dissertação pretende verificar os efeitos de um programa de treino de
força em idosos destreinados na realização de tarefas de coordenação motora grossa
(Marcha e Sentar-Levantar, Estudo 1) e de coordenação motora fina (Finger Tapping
Test, Estudo 2) e analisar e interpretar as variações ao nível da coordenação, através
do uso de sensores inerciais, durante a realização dessas mesmas tarefas.
A amostra desta dissertação é constituída por 10 sujeitos destreinados, sete do
sexo feminino e três do sexo masculino, com idades compreendidas entre os 66 e os 84
anos. Foi solicitado aos participantes que realizassem três tarefas motoras: o Finger
Tapping Test em ambas as mãos (5 tentativas em cada mão), 2’ de Marcha no exterior
e o teste de Sentar-Levantar. Os sensores inerciais foram utilizados em todas as tarefas
para recolher os dados necessários para cada estudo, de modo a serem aplicadas
medidas de análise da coordenação motora intra-segmentar.
Os resultados dos estudos mostraram que: i) aplicar um programa de treino de
força em idosos destreinados pode melhorar a coordenação motora grossa e fina e os
níveis de força muscular dos idosos e ii) o uso de sensores inerciais pode ter uma grande
aplicabilidade quando se pretende analisar a coordenação motora fina em tarefas como
o Finger Tapping Test e a coordenação motora grossa em tarefas como a Marcha e o
Sentar-Levantar, permitindo fazer uma análise tridimensional de todo o movimento de
forma rápida e económica.
Western Europe is among the most affected by fall-related injuries and mortality rates in the elderly (Haagsma et al., 2020). Falls in the elderly are currently a public health problem which, in addition to the associated financial costs, often make the elderly dependent on others and in turn leads to a greater number of institutionalizations. The aging process leads to a decline in functional fitness that contributes to the increased prevalence of falls in the elderly population and gait deterioration is largely accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass (Clemson et al., 2019) and loss or slowness of some cognitive functions (Oliveira et al., 2018). This dissertation aims to verify the effects of a strength training program on untrained elderly people when performing gross motor coordination tasks (Walking and Sit-and-Stand test, Study 1) and fine motor coordination tasks (Finger Tapping Test, Study 2) and to analyze and interpret variations in coordination, through the use of inertial sensors, during the performance of these tasks. The sample of this dissertation consists of 10 untrained subjects, seven females and three males, aged between 66 and 84 years. Participants were asked to perform three motor tasks: the Finger Tapping Test on both hands (5 attempts on each hand), 2’ Outdoor Walking and the Sit-and-Stand Test. Inertial sensors were used in all tasks to collect the necessary data for each study, in order to apply intra-segmental motor coordination analysis measures. The results of the studies showed that: i) applying a strength training program to untrained elderly people can improve gross and fine motor coordination and muscle strength levels in the elderly people and ii) the use of inertial sensors can have great applicability when aims to analyze fine motor coordination in tasks such as the Finger Tapping Test and gross motor coordination in tasks such as Walking and Sit-and-Stand Test, allowing a three-dimensional analysis of the entire movement to be carried out quickly and economically.
Western Europe is among the most affected by fall-related injuries and mortality rates in the elderly (Haagsma et al., 2020). Falls in the elderly are currently a public health problem which, in addition to the associated financial costs, often make the elderly dependent on others and in turn leads to a greater number of institutionalizations. The aging process leads to a decline in functional fitness that contributes to the increased prevalence of falls in the elderly population and gait deterioration is largely accompanied by a decrease in muscle mass (Clemson et al., 2019) and loss or slowness of some cognitive functions (Oliveira et al., 2018). This dissertation aims to verify the effects of a strength training program on untrained elderly people when performing gross motor coordination tasks (Walking and Sit-and-Stand test, Study 1) and fine motor coordination tasks (Finger Tapping Test, Study 2) and to analyze and interpret variations in coordination, through the use of inertial sensors, during the performance of these tasks. The sample of this dissertation consists of 10 untrained subjects, seven females and three males, aged between 66 and 84 years. Participants were asked to perform three motor tasks: the Finger Tapping Test on both hands (5 attempts on each hand), 2’ Outdoor Walking and the Sit-and-Stand Test. Inertial sensors were used in all tasks to collect the necessary data for each study, in order to apply intra-segmental motor coordination analysis measures. The results of the studies showed that: i) applying a strength training program to untrained elderly people can improve gross and fine motor coordination and muscle strength levels in the elderly people and ii) the use of inertial sensors can have great applicability when aims to analyze fine motor coordination in tasks such as the Finger Tapping Test and gross motor coordination in tasks such as Walking and Sit-and-Stand Test, allowing a three-dimensional analysis of the entire movement to be carried out quickly and economically.
Description
Keywords
envelhecimento idosos destreinados treino de força coordenação motora sensores inerciais aging untrained elderly people strength training motor coordination inertial sensors